Acid and Bases

How do we get rid of hydrogen ions

through respiratory or excretion system

what is acidosis

ph below 7.35

what is alkalosis

ph above 7.45

What type of buffer system is a phosphate buffer system

A chemical buffer system

what is a buffer

compounds that stabilize the ph of a system

what types of acids/bases are in buffer systems

weak acids and weak bases

Phosphate buffer system

H2PO4- <> HPO42- + H+

IMPORTANT IN THE ICF AND RENAL TUBES

Protein buffer systems

Protiens with buffering side groups such as hemoglobin or albumins. The carboxyl (COOH) acts as WA and amino NH2 acts as a WB

40% of chemical buffering , important in ECF and ICF

Bicarb Buffer system

CO2 + H2O <> H2CO3 (WA) <> HCO3- (WB) + H+

Important in ECF and the physiclogical buffer system or respiration

Limitations of buffer system

doesnt eliminate hydrogen ions, supply of molecules is limited, only temp solution

What do know about buffers

what is WA and WB and where is it important

what type of buffer is the repiratory mechanism

physicological buffer

repiratory mechanism

acidosis - too many hydrogen ions, binds to bicarb and form carbonic acid and breathe out co2 and hydrogen ions - bring ph down

alkalosis - less breathing to keep hydrogen ions in

carbon dioxide and water move together

what buffer is used in the kidneys

bicarb buffer

what antiport is used for the renal mechanism

NA and H antiport. Carbonic anhydrase forms carbonic acid

high excercise could lead to what

metabolic acidosis

what can happen if u have a stomch bug and throw up alot

metabolic alkalosis

what can be caused by hypoventalation

respiratory acidosis

what happens if you hyperventalate

repiratory alkalosis