World War I and Interwar Period Test

alliance

agreement or union association between nations to provide security

diplomacy

peaceful art and practice conducting negotiations, and managing interactions between governments.

imperialism

when a stronger nations extends its power and authority over weaker nations.

militarism

belief that a country should maintain a strong military and be prepared to use it aggressively.

nationalism

strong feeling of loyalty, pride, and devotion to one’s country.

landless peasantry

rural workers who do not own or rent the land they farm from

communism

creating a classless, stateless society based on common ownership of the means of production

reparations

actions given to repair or make amends for past wrongs, injustices, or injuries to a group of people

czar

title for emperor of russia

mandate

an official order, command, or authorization to act

capitalism

system where private individuals or businesses own property and compete in the free market

armistice

negotiated agreement between opposing sides in a war to immediately stop active fighting

totalitarianism

where the state has complete and absolute control over every aspect of public and private life

collectivization

process of abolishing private ownership of a land, farms, or businesses and putting it into state owned enterprises

antisemitism

prejudice, hatred, or discrimination directed at jewish people simply because they’re jewish.

fascism

political movement that emphasizes nationalism, militarism, and supremacy over the individual

archduke franz ferdinand

austrian royal whose assassination helped start WWI

woodrow wilson

US president during WWI who proposed ideas of peace

kaiser wilhelm II

leader of germany

czar nicholas II

last ruler of russia lost power during russian revolution

vladimir lenin

communist leader who took control of russia in 1917

gavrilo princip

serbian nationalist who assassinated franz ferdinand

david Lloyde george

prime minister of britain during WWI

joseph stalin

communist leader who ruled the soviet union

adolf hitler

dictator of germany who started WWII

bennito mussolini

dictator of italy and of fascism

what were the main causes of wold war I? be able to explain each. remember MANIA.

militarism, alliances, nationalism, imperialism, and assassination

what were the general terms of the treaty of versailles that concluded world war I?

it had terms on germany, with war guilt clause, reparations, territorial cessions, and military reparations led to economic hardships and resentments.

how did america’s entrance to the war impact the allied forces?

it provided a boost in manpower and industrial/financial resources to the allies

what role did european colonies play in WWI?

they supplied their mother countries with raw materials and manpower

what were the main causes of the russian (bolshevik) revolution in 1917?

social inequality, economic hardship, and political discontent by russa’s involvement in WWI

what was the league of nations and what was it's goal? who created this?

organization to promote peace and prevent conflict. created by allied powers, woodrow wilson.

why did the league of nations fail? (two reasons)

lack of enforcement power and the absence of major powers like the USA.

what was the mandate system? who were the main countries/mandates involved? explain.

to govern former colonies of defeated central powers. great britain and france acted as mandatories to prepare for territories for self-governing

whose assassination triggered WWI? why did this happen?

archduke franz ferdinand. because of serbian nationalism.

what was the time frame of WWI?

july 28, 1914 - november 11, 1918

what were the two main alliance systems in WWI?

central powers (germany, austria-hungary, ottoman empire, bulgaria)

allied powers (france, britain, russia, later by italy, japan, USA)

why was the gallipoli peninsula so important for the allied powers to control?

it would allow open sea route to russia, supply materials, and knock out the ottoman empire

why and when did america get involved in WWI? (two reasons)

because of unrestricted submarine warfare and zimmerman telegram. in april 1917.

why did russia have to withdraw from WWI in 1917?

because of the bolshevik revolution

why was czar nicholas II overthrown and murdered?

because of the discontent with rule, russia’s loss and mismanagement in WWI, from november 11, 1918 - september 1, 1939

what triggered the great depression?

the stock market crash of 1929

why were the 1920s called the “roaring 20s”?

due to economic prosperity, cultural dynamism, and social change.

aside from the stock market crash, what other factors caused the depression?

overproduction and underconsumption, unequal distribution of wealth, weak banking systems

what were hoovervilles? why were they called this?

shantytowns built by the homeless, as a derogatory term for president herbert hoover

what was the new deal? who created this? what were the 3 R’s of the new deal?

programs to combat the great depression by franklin d roosevelt, it’s goals were relief, recovery, and reform

what eventually pulled america out of the great depression?

WWII, because of government spending and industrial mobilization

how was the nazi party able to rise to power in germany during the depression?

by exploiting economic hardship and promising national restoration and stability

what was happening in japan during the interwar period?

japan experienced industrialization, militarization, nationalism, expansion, leading to aggressive foreign policy