Language/Form/Structure and reader effect

metaphor (L)

engages reader as it makes them subconsciously link tenor and vehicle

personification (L)

paints vivid imagery to engage

simile (L)

bridge the gap between a writer's concept and the reader's imagination

connotations (L)

engages reader as they have to make connections

word class (L)

helps with direct association

allusion (L)

deepens thematic meaning and makes connections

puns/schemes (L)

adding emotion to the text so the reader feels as they read

imagery (L)

makes reading an immersive experience

colloquialism (L)

makes reading feel natural, conversational and realistic

semantic field (L)

reinforces the core themes

pronouns (thee/thy) (L)

creates a realistic historical setting

pathetic fallacy (L)

provides subtle foreshadowing and emotional connection

hyperbole (L)

amplifies emotional intensity

euphemism (L)

can reveal character intentions and hidden meanings

sentence moods (S)

reveal character traits and intentions, and set atmosphere

asyndeton (S)

creates urgency and intensity

syndeton (S)

provides natural rhythm

polysyndeton (S)

emphasises listing

tricolon (S)

builds climax and emphasis

paragraph lengths (S)

builds tone, urgency and variety

punctuation (S)

allows for different reading speeds and variety

repetition (S)

builds emphasis

alliteration (S)

builds specific mood and atmosphere, cohesive

varied sentence lengths (S)

creates cohesion, prevents monotony

iambic pentameter (S/F)

gives character insight and rhythm

trochaic tetrameter (S/F)

builds urgency and connotes other

metrical deviations (S)

connote mental disturbance or chaos, emphasises whatever is happening

anaphora (S)

builds intensity and emphasises a key message, can be used to highlight supernatural

epistrophe (S)

amplifies emotional resonance

dialogue (F)

engages the reader, brings character's to life

monologue (F)

allows reader to see deeper into a character

soliloquy (F)

reveals character's true intentions/thoughts, could link to dramatic irony later on

linear narrative (F)

chronological build

non linear narrative (F)

forcing the audience to become an active participant rather than a passive consumer

analepsis (F)

fills in backstory and deepens thematic understanding

prolepsis (F)

contributes to dramatic irony and forces readers to focus on how and why events unfold

anecdotes

evokes emotions and sympathy

blank verse (F)

bridges the gap between normal talk and high poetry

prose (F)

connotes low status and brings cohesion and flow

shared lines (F)

connote similar thought and connection

stichomythia (F)

accelerates the narrative pace, connects characters

catalexsis (S)

deviates from expectations, connoting different ideas

aside (F)

reveals hidden thoughts/intentions and breaks fourth wall

rhyming couplets (F)

indicate and of scene, when not ending a scene, they connote certainty

rhyme (F)

evokes emotions and creates suspense