Ideal gases

What is absolute zero on the kelvin temperature scale?

The temperature at which the molecules in a substance have zero kinetic energy. Equal to 0K or -273.15°C. A temperature in kelvin will never be negative. This means for a system at 0K it is impossible to remove any energy from it.

How do you convert between degrees and kelvin?

1°C= 1 + 273.15 K

just add 273.15 to the number of degrees.

What is a change in temperature of 1K equal to?

A change in temperature of 1°C, the division on both scales are equal.

What are the ideal gas laws?

The experimental relationships between pressure, volume and temperature of an ideal gas.

What is Boyle’s law?

If the temperature of an ideal gas is constant the P∝ 1/V. The relationship between pressure and volume for a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature can also be written as P₁V₁=P₂V₂

What is Charle’s law?

If pressure of an ideal gas is constant then V∝T. The relationship between volume and temperature for a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature can also be written as V₁/T₁=V₂/T₂

What is Pressure law?

If the volume of an ideal gas is constant then P∝ T, relationship between pressure and temperature for a fixed mass of gas at a constant volume can also be written as: P₁/T₁= P₂/T₂

What is an ideal gas?

One that obeys the relation: pV∝ T

has molecules with negligible volume

collisions which are elastic

cannot be liquified

no interactions between molecules

obeys ideal gas laws

What is the equation of state for an ideal gas?

pV=nRT

p= pressure (pascals)

V= volume (m³)

n= number of moles (mols)

R= Molar gas constant

T= temperature (K)

or pV= NkT

N= number of molecules

k= boltzmann constant

What is the work done when a volume of gas changes at constant pressure defined as? 

W=p∆V

This is assuming pressure stays constant.

What is a mole?

The number of molecules in 12g of carbon-12. A unit of the amount of a substance.

What is Avogrados constant?

The number of atoms of carbon-12 in 12g of carbon-12.

How can you determine the number of atoms or molecules of a substance if number of moles is known?

number of moles * Avogadros constant

What is one mole of any element equal to?

The relative atomic mass of that element in grams, e.g. helium has atomic mass of 4 so 1 mole of helium has a mass of 4g. If a substance is a compound add up the atomic masses.

What is Molar mass?

the mass of a substance in grams in one mole. (g mol -¹)

What is the equation for number of moles?

Number of moles= mass (g)/ Molar mass (g mol-¹)

In ideal gases what is Nm/v equal to?

density