DNA Variation Studied with PCR

A set of flashcards related to DNA variation, PCR techniques, and their applications in genetics, forensics, and paternity testing.

DNA Fingerprinting

A technique to produce a unique collection of data for every individual using their DNA.

Short Tandem Repeats (STRs)

Repeating sequences of DNA that can vary in number between individuals and are used for genetic analysis.

PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)

A method used to amplify specific DNA sequences, making millions of copies of a particular region.

Homozygous

Having identical alleles for a specific gene on both homologous chromosomes.

Heterozygous

Having different alleles for a specific gene on homologous chromosomes.

Capillary Tube Electrophoresis

An automated technique for separating DNA fragments based on size, used in conjunction with PCR for DNA profiling.

CODIS (Combined DNA Index System)

A system used in the U.S. for storing and comparing DNA profiles.

Forensic DNA Profiling

The use of DNA profiles in legal contexts to match suspects with DNA evidence from crime scenes.

Paternity Testing

The use of DNA profiling to establish a biological relationship between a child and potential fathers.

Allele

Different forms of a gene that may exist at a particular locus on a chromosome.

Agarose Gel Electrophoresis

A method used to separate DNA fragments by size using a gel matrix.

Genotype

The genetic constitution of an individual, specifically regarding alleles present at a locus.