unit 4 food choice ONLY HAS Y10 EOY STUFF

aqa gcse

What factors influence food choice? (15)

Enjoyment, ethical beliefs, healthy eating, PAL, cost of food, income, allergies/intolerances, religion, illnesses/disorders, culinary skills, abstaining from certain foods (e.g. vegetarians), seasonality, availability, lifestyle and special occasions

How does PAL influence food choice?

Burn more energy so need more calories, complex carbohydrates for long, steady energy release, protein to increase muscle mass

How does lifestyle affect food choice?

People who work long hours might eat more ready meals/fast food if they don’t have time to cook, people who are stressed or bored a lot might go for comfort foods, people with very structured days might like to plan meal times and the specific meals they had

What dietary laws are there in Buddhism? (3)

All life is sacred so a majority are vegetarian or vegan (this isn’t a rule though), many avoid alcohol, some fast from noon until sunrise

What dietary laws are there in Hinduism? (3)

Most are vegetarian, those who are not still avoid eating beef (cows are sacred), some avoid certain vegetables (onions, mushrooms etc) that are considered harmful

What dietary laws are there in Judaism? (7)

Food must be kosher - dairy and meat cannot be cooked or eaten together, cannot eat pig, rabbit, camel, hare etc, kosher animals are ones with split hooves and that chew cud (e.g. cows) and fish that have fins and scales, animals must be slaughtered quickly and blood quickly drained

What dietary laws are there in Islam? (5)

Fast from sunrise to sunset during ramadan, food must be halal - cannot eat pork or any food made from pork products, animal must’ve been slaughtered in a specific way while being blessed, cannot drink alcohol

What dietary laws are there in Sikhism? (3)

Many are vegetarians, taught to only eat what they need and not overindulge, baptised Sikhs are banned from eating food which has been religiously slaughtered

What dietary laws are there in Rastafarianism? (5)

Pork banned, do not drink alcohol, many follow I-tal diet - mainly made up of fresh vegetables, some eat fish but must be less than 30cm long

What food customs are there in Christianity? (3)

Many Christians give up certain foods during Lent (e.g. sugar, meat, fast food), hot cross buns eaten on Good Friday, pancakes eaten to mark the start of lent

What moral or ethical concerns influence food choice?

Animal welfare, working conditions (fairtrade), genetically modified food, environmental impact, organic food, local food

How does animal welfare impact food choice?

Only buying meat if the animal has definitely been treated ethically (e.g. free range), might avoid meat or animal products all together

How do working conditions impact food choice?

Only buying Fairtrade food

How does environmental impact and local produce influence food choice?

Only buying local/seasonal food to reduce food miles and support local economy/businesses, only buying fish which has been fished sustainably

How do organic and genetically modified foods impact food choice?

Avoid buying GM foods, only buying organic food which is free of synthetic chemicals

What is an allergy?

A reaction to certain foods which causes damage to the body, could have long-term effects and can worsen over time that are caused by even a trace of the food

What is an intolerance?

Something that causes unpleasant symptoms but does not get worse over time, damage the body or have long-term effects

What are the common allergies which must be put in bold on food packaging? (15)

Tree nuts, sesame, shellfish, celery, crustaceans, soybeans, lupin, eggs, fish, molluscs, mustard, gluten, peanuts, sulphur dioxide and sulphites

What information is legally required to be put on food packaging? (8)

Name, name, date, ingredient, storage, weight, address and allergies

What is the difference between a food intolerance and an allergy?

Food intolerances cause mild discomfort while allergies can harm the body, and the effects of food intolerances are short-term and don’t worsen, while allergies can worsen over time and can have long-term effects

what are the different types of preference tests?

paired preference test and hedonic rating test

what happens in a paired preference test?

people given two slightly different foods and asked to pick a favourite

what happens in a hedonic rating test?

tasters give foods and asked to rate them (e.g. 1 to 5)

what is the triangle test?

a discrimination test where 3 products are tasted, two are identical and one is slightly different, asked to guess which one is different

what are the 3 types of grading tests?

ranking, rating and profiling

what is a ranking test?

when tasters put food in order from lowest to highest (e.g. 1-4, 4 being best) for a certain characteristic

what is a rating test?

testers rate characteristics of the food on a scale (e.g. 1-5)

what is a profiling test?

the same as a rating test, but where an average is found at the end for each characteristic and displayed, e.g. on a star diagram

how can you ensure that food tests are fair and unbiased? (9)

have a large number of tasters, tasters should not know which sample is which (blind test), all be given the same instructions, work individually, only small samples given, tasters allowed to drink water between samples to cleanse pallet, tests carried out in a quiet, clean area, same plates used for samples, can blindfold testers

why are sensory tests done? (6)

to develop new products, improve current products (e.g. less sugar, better texture), compare proucts against competitors, to check consistency of batches, to identify consumer preferences, to ensure quality control