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Hussein-McMahon Correspondence
Britain promised Arabs independence for fighting the Ottomans
Balfour Declaration
Britain promised Jews a homeland in Palestine
Sykes-Picot Agreement
Britain and France secretly split up the Middle East
Creation of Israel
Israel became a state in 1948; Arab-Israeli conflict begins
Six-Day War (1967)
Israel defeated 3 Arab nations in 6 days
Yom Kippur War (1973)
Surprise Arab attack on Israel; US backed Israel
CCP
Mao Zedong's Communist Party; won Chinese Civil War
KMT (Kuomintang)
Chiang Kai-shek's Nationalists; lost and fled to Taiwan
Mao Zedong
Communist leader who took control of China
Chiang Kai-shek
Nationalist leader defeated by Mao; ruled Taiwan
Korean War
Communist North invaded South; ended in stalemate
General MacArthur
Wanted to bomb China; Truman fired him
Domino Theory
One country falls to communism, neighbors follow
Election of 1960
Kennedy beat Nixon with better TV debate performance
Bay of Pigs
Failed US-backed invasion to overthrow Castro
Cuban Missile Crisis
1962 nuclear standoff over Soviet missiles in Cuba
Peace Corps
Kennedy program sending volunteers to developing countries
Warren Commission
Concluded Oswald alone killed Kennedy
Great Society
LBJ's program: Medicare, Medicaid, War on Poverty
Medicare
Federal health insurance for people 65+
Medicaid
Federal health coverage for low-income Americans
Warren Court
Earl Warren's court; expanded civil rights
Brown v. Board of Education
Ruled school segregation unconstitutional
Miranda v. Arizona
Police must inform suspects of their rights
Cold War
US vs. USSR; capitalism vs. communism; no direct war
Surrogate Wars
US and USSR backed opposite sides in other countries' conflicts
Berlin Wall
Built to stop East Germans from fleeing to the West
1960s Counter Culture
Youth movement rejecting traditional values; anti-war
Battle of Dien Bien Phu
Vietnam defeated France; ended French colonial rule
Ho Chi Minh
Communist leader of North Vietnam
Tet Offensive
1968 surprise attack; turned Americans against the war
Agent Orange
Toxic US chemical weapon used in Vietnam
Napalm
Flammable US weapon used in Vietnam
Kent State
National Guard killed 4 student protesters in 1970
My Lai Massacre
US soldiers killed hundreds of unarmed Vietnamese civilians
Tonkin Gulf Resolution
Gave LBJ power to escalate Vietnam War
Ho Chi Minh Trail
North Vietnamese supply route; Nixon secretly bombed it
Martin Luther King Jr.
Civil rights leader; assassinated in Memphis 1968
Robert F. Kennedy
Democratic presidential frontrunner; assassinated in 1968
Watergate
Nixon covered up a break-in; resigned to avoid impeachment
Deep Throat
Secret FBI source who exposed Watergate
Nixon Opens China
Nixon normalized US relations with Communist China
Camp David Accords
Carter brokered Egypt-Israel peace deal
Iran Hostage Crisis
52 Americans held hostage 444 days; Carter's biggest failure
Trickle Down Economics
Reagan's tax cuts for the wealthy to boost the economy
Iran-Contra Affair
Reagan secretly funded rebels using illegal weapons sales
Glasnost
Gorbachev's Soviet policy of political openness
Perestroika
Gorbachev's Soviet economic restructuring policy
Sandra Day O'Connor
First woman on the Supreme Court; appointed by Reagan
NAFTA
Clinton's US-Canada-Mexico free trade agreement
Janet Reno
First female US Attorney General; appointed by Clinton
Clinton Impeachment
Impeached over Lewinsky scandal; acquitted by Senate
9/11 Attacks
2001 terrorist attacks on US; hijackers mostly Saudi nationals