Review of Athletic Training Concepts

These flashcards cover essential vocabulary and concepts related to athletic training and biomechanics.

Acute Loads

Forces applied to the body in a short duration, typically resulting in injuries.

Repetitive/Overuse Loads

Microtrauma caused by prolonged or repeated physical activity leading to injuries.

RICE Method

Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation - a treatment approach for acute injuries.

Primary Survey

Initial assessment of an injured athlete focusing on Airway, Breathing, Circulation.

Secondary Survey

Detailed examination following the primary survey to assess injury extent.

Isometric Muscle Actions

Muscle contractions without joint movement, such as in a plank position.

Isotonic Muscle Actions

Muscle contractions involving joint movement with constant resistance.

Isokinetic Muscle Actions

Muscle actions performed at a constant velocity throughout the range of motion.

Open Kinetic Chain Movements

Exercises where the distal segment is free to move.

Closed Kinetic Chain Movements

Exercises where forces are transmitted to adjacent structures or the floor.

CAATE

Accreditation organization for athletic trainers.

Arthroscopic Surgery

Minimally invasive technique for examining the interior of joints.

Lifespan Stages

Developmental phases: early childhood, late childhood, adolescence, adulthood.

Multistore Memory Model

Framework consisting of short-term sensory store, short-term memory, and long-term memory.

Selective Short-Term Memory

Concept not included in the multistore memory model.

Information Processing Stages

Processes involving stimulus recognition, response selection, and response programming.

Open-Loop Motor Control

Motor control system without feedback during the movement.

Closed-Loop Motor Control

Motor control system involving feedback during the movement for corrections.

Open-Loop Activities

Movements that are pre-planned and do not rely on feedback, like ballistic actions.

Closed-Loop Activities

Movements that involve continuous feedback for corrections.

Angular Motion

Rotary motion around a central imaginary axis.

Isokinetic Dynamometer

Device used to assess muscular force at a constant velocity.

Goniometer

Tool used to measure joint range of motion.

ACL Tear

An injury affecting the anterior cruciate ligament, often occurring during landings.

Higher ACL Tear Risk in Women

Attributed to a narrower intercondylar notch space.

Plyometrics

Exercises that involve a prestretch to enhance myostatic reflex for explosive contraction.

DEXA Scan

Measurement technique for assessing lean, fat, and skeletal mass using x-ray beams.

Sagittal Plane

Divides the body into right and left sections, key for flexion and extension motions.

Coronal Plane

Divides the body into anterior and posterior sections, associated with abduction and adduction.

Transverse Plane

Divides the body into upper and lower sections, primarily involved in rotational movements.

Calf Lifts

Exercise primarily engaging the gastrocnemius and soleus, classified in the sagittal plane.

Cerebellum

Brain region responsible for coordinating voluntary movements, balance, and posture.

Simultaneous Kinetic Link Principle

Major body segments move together during a movement.

Sequential Kinetic Link Principle

Segments move in a sequential manner during movement actions.

Whole vs. Part Practice

Motor skill training strategy that suggests complex skills benefit from whole practice.

Long-Term Memory

Type of memory with unlimited storage capacity and duration.

Static Biomechanics

Study of bodies at rest or moving at constant velocity.

Dynamic Biomechanics

Study of bodies accelerating or decelerating.

Clinical Biomechanics

Application of biomechanics in injury rehabilitation and adaptation in disabled individuals.

Sport Biomechanics

Focus on biomechanical principles applied to enhance athletic performance.

Rectilinear Motion

Movement where all points of a body move in a straight line without directional change.

Spatial Reference System

Fixed system for biomechanical analysis, typically using Cartesian coordinates.

Concentric Muscle Contractions

Muscle actions where the muscle shortens while producing force.

Eccentric Muscle Contractions

Muscle actions where the muscle lengthens while absorbing force.

Examples of Concentric Movements

Knee extension during a kick.

Examples of Eccentric Movements

Lowering phase of a bicep curl.

Metabolic Measurement Cart

Instrument used to determine an individual's fitness level during exercise.

Electrocardiograph (ECG) Machine

Device used to monitor heart activity for detecting cardiovascular issues.

Contextual Interference in Practice

Concept where high levels of interference might hinder learning in inexperienced individuals.

Microtrauma

Small injuries resulting from repeated stress or overuse.

Responses in Competitive Settings

Different strategies and techniques deployed in athletic competitions.

Force Transmission in Kinetic Chains

How forces are distributed and transmitted through the body during movements.

Developmental Changes in Adolescence

Physical changes and gender differences that become more pronounced during this stage.

Back Injury Prevention Techniques

Strategies and exercises designed to avoid back injuries in various activities.

Muscle Fiber Types

Different kinds of muscle fibers that affect athletic performance and recovery.

Hydration and Performance

Impact of hydration levels on athletic effectiveness and endurance.

Periodization in Training

Structured approach to training that varies intensity and volume.

Motor Skill Acquisition

Process by which individuals learn and develop motor skills.

Biomechanical Analysis Techniques

Methods used to assess movement patterns and efficiencies in sports.

Fitness Assessments

Tests performed to evaluate an athlete's physical capabilities.

Recovery Protocols

Strategies for recovery after competitive or training events.

Injury Rehabilitation Progressions

Stages of recovery from injury to return to sport.

Performance Metrics in Athletics

Statistics used to evaluate athletic performance.

Nutritional Needs for Athletes

Specific dietary requirements for optimal athletic performance.

Psychological Preparation for Competitions

Mental training techniques to enhance competitive readiness.

Joint Stability Considerations

Factors affecting the stability of joints during various movements.

Strength Training Techniques

Methods used to improve an athlete's strength and power.

Aerobic versus Anaerobic Training

Comparison of training focused on endurance versus short-burst strength.

Effect of Age on Athletic Performance

How aging affects physical capabilities and performance outcomes.

Fatigue Management in Sports

Strategies to manage and mitigate fatigue during athletic activities.