RX422: Nuclear Pharmacy
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27 Terms
What are the 4 types of ionizing radiation?
Alpha
Beta
Positron
Gamma
What is radioactive decay?
Atom with unstable nucleus emits radiation to produce more stable nucleus
What type of radiations are NOT used in diagnosis?
Alpha
What are the characteristics of alpha radiation?
It’s a tank
Can’t move very far but it is very damaging
What would you use alpha radiation in?
Cancer
Localized damage
What are the characteristics of Beta radiation?
Like throwing a bomb
It goes kinda far and sometimes does crazy damage
What are pure beta emitters useful in?
Radiation therapy
What is the particle of choice for PET (positron emission tomography)?
Positron…
What are the characteristics of Positron decay?
Travels short distance before forming two gamma photons that bounce off of each other
What are the characteristics of Gamma decay?
GO GO GO Gamma!
It goes through everything
Imagine!
What type of radiation is used for imaging?
Gamma
What is the biggest unit in radioactivity?
Curies (Ci)
What is the preferred half-life of radiation?
6 hours
What is this equation?
t ½ =ln 2 /λ
Determines the half-life of radiation
What is this equation?
D = λN
Determines radioactive disintegration rate
What is λ?
Decay constant
What is N in D = λN?
Number of atoms
What is D in D = λN?
Disintegration rate
What is this equation?
A(t) = A(0) e^(-λ t)
Radioactive decay
What is A(t) in this formula? A(t) = A(0) e^(-λ t)
Total activity
What is A(0) in this equation? A(t) = A(0) e^(-λ t)
Initial activity
What is t in this equation? A(t) = A(0) e^(-λ t)
Elapsed time
What is decay factor?
Rate at which the variable’s value diminishes through time
What are important factors of radioisotopes in nuclear medicine?
Energy (Detected by camera)
Half-life (Don’t want it going home with them)
Chemistry (Target)
Availability (Able to get it in clinic)
What is SPECT?
Single photon emission computed tomography
What are the characteristics of SPECT?
Gamma camera
Computer generated images
What are PETS?
Cameras that detect positrons for better contrast and spatial resolution in imaging