CAFS Year 11 Term 2: Individuals and groups

What is conformity?

The way in which the norms of the group are followed

What is a reward?

The leader can give an award or merit

What is self-leadership?

Individuals who have developed a sense of who they are, possess surety of their knowledge and capabilities and have a clear vision of their goals.

What does task-orientated mean?

Ensure tasks are completed and concerned solely with getting the job done.

What is a role?

The part played by someone in a given social context, with any characteristic or expected pattern of behaviour it entails.

What is a transformational leader?

Leads by inspiring and motivating

What are groups?

Two or more individuals who interact with each other for a period and influence one another. They share a common purpose or goal.

What is the conflict resolution process?

Negotiation, agreement, resolution.

What does it mean to be socioemotional in a group?

Members who are concerned with the wellbeing of the group and its members. Maintains and builds relationships.

What is cohesiveness?

The strength that holds the group together and refers to the bonding and interactions of a group that enables them to maintain focus to achieve a specific task or goal.

What are norms?

The standards of a group in terms of behaviour and functioning. It is the expectations of behaviour.

What is an autocratic leader?

A leader who holds total control and authority over the group.

What is conflict?

A disagreement between individuals or groups based on a clash of ideas, opinions, beliefs or people.

What is an expert?

The knowledge or expertise of an individual in a given field?

What are observations?

The researcher watches and records the behaviours of their subjects

What is assumed leadership?

Not formally appointed, based on status, birth right.

What is a leader?

An individual who guides or directs others by showing them the way or by telling them how to behave.

What is negotiated leadership?

A formally appointed leader, based on previous experience, skills, or dedication.

What is a democratic leader?

Allows grop members to make the decisions and hold little authority over the group

What does it mean to be destructive?

Members work at diverting attention from the task so that goals are not achieved, negatively impacting the group.

What is a laissez faire leader?

A person who occupies an open style of leadership, where ideas and opinions are discussed freely within the group.

What does power base mean?

The position, area, groups or individuals that provide the foundation of somebody’s power or support

What is power?

An individual or group’s ability, influecne and strength to do something or bring about change.

What does it mean to be coercive

The ability of a leader to give or take away privileges or rights and so influence group behaviours

What is the acronym for types of groups?

FROCSS

What does FROCSS Stand for?

• Friendship/family

• Religion

• Other

• Culture

• Sport/leisure

• Study/work

What is the acronym for the reasons why groups formed?

LGSSSSSCRO

What does LGSSSSSCRO stand for?

• Locality/geography

• Gender

• Specific need

• Shared interest/common goal

• Sexuality

• Security

• Social interaction

• Culture

• Religion

• Other

What is the acronym for roles individuals adopt within groups?

TSD

What does TSD stand for?

• Task-orientated

• Socio-emotional

• Destructive

what are some specific roles of task-orientated people?

• Brainstormer

• Chairperson

• Devils advocate or sceptic

• Expert

• Implementer

• Judge

• Representative

• Secretary

What are some specific roles of socio-emotional people?

• Advocate

• Confronter

• Encourager

• Mediatior

• Peacemaker

• Tension-reliever

What are some specific roles of destructive people?

• Aggressor

• Blocker

• Distracter

• Husher

• Recognition seeker

• Shlever

What is a simple definition of a task-orentated role?

Ensures tasks are achieved

What is a simple definition of a socioemotional role?

To maintain/build relationships

What is a simple definition of a destructive role?

To influence the groups progress negatively.

What is the acronym for types of power bases?

LRCRE

What does LRCRE stand for?

• Legitimate

• Reward

• Coercive

• Referent

• Expert

How is legitimate power used?

Individual has status in group and the members respect the right of the person to exert power over them and lead.

What is an example of legitimate power?

An elected politician

How is reward power used?

Individual uses positive consequences or rewards if group members do what they are suposed to do and/or if tasks are completed

What is an example of reward power?

Parent offering ice-cream to a child when they eat their vegetables.

How is coercive power used?

Individual uses negative consequences or punishments if group members dont do what they are supposed to and/or if tasks are not completed.

What is an example of coercive power?

School principal not allowing a student who did not complete an assignment to attend an excursion

How is referent power used?

Individual is respected by group members who identify with or want to be like the individual/see them as a role model.

What is an example of referent power?

A sporting idol

How is expert power used?

Individual has specific knowledge, skills, or expertise and is considered trustworthy by the other group members.

What is an example of expert power?

A skilled musical student helping others in the class to read music.

What is another definition of norms?

The unwritten rules, standards or expected behaviours that guide how individuals act within a specific society, culture, and/or group.

What is another definition of conformity?

The act of aligning your attitudes, beliefs, and behaviours with those of a group or societal norm.

What is another definition of cohesiveness?

The quality of forming a united whole ‘sticking together’

What acronym is used for personal factors that contribute to the role people adopt within groups?

CHEPSSS or PS CHESS

What does CHEPSSS or PS CHESS stand for?

• Culture

• Heredity

• Education

• Previous experience

• Self-esteem

• Self-confidence

• Sense of belonging

What is self esteem (may be second definition question)

Relates to the way in which we view ourselves and compromises our perception of concepts such as happiness, confidence, power, energy, hope and respect.

What is self confidence (may be second definition question again)

the determintion of our belief in skills and abilities

What is a sense of belonging (may be second definition question again)?

A sense of connectedness we feel to the people around us

What is education? (may be second definition question again)

Our learned knowledge and intelligence

What is heredity?

The passing on of traits and characteristics from one person to another, typically from parents to offspring.

What is previous experience? (may be second definition question again)

Life events in relation to the shaping of who we are, what is important to us and what we value.

What is culture? (may be second definition question again)

Our nationality, race and upbringing.

What acronym is used for social factors that contribute to the role people adopt within groups?

GRAM

What does GRAM stand for?

• Gender expectations

• Relationship with group members

• Attitudes of group members, e.g. peer acceptance

• Media

What impacts can the relationship with group members create on social factors that contribute to the role people adopt in groups??

A lack of group cohesiveness due to the relationships can affect group productivity due to a barrier of effective communication

What impacts can attitudes of group members create on social factors that contribute to the role people adopt in groups??

Negative attitudes can mean complaining often, lack of motivation, and bringing other members down.

Positive attitudes can mean helpful and willing people, motivation increase, and an encouraging/optimistic environment.

What impacts can gender expectations create on social factors that contribute to the role people adopt in groups?

Male leaders and female leaders can be perceived differently, meaning female leaders will need to have an open, unresolved and proactive leading style due to these expectations and men will need to adopt a style that is not overbearing and less commanding.

What impacts can the media create on social factors that contribute to the role people adopt in groups?

Media can aid in the growth of groups through advertisement, but it can also affect self-esteem due to hateful comments and things said on social media pages.