physics final

vector quantity scalar quantity

displacement and distance

as the sum of all forces increases, the acceleration …

increases

acceleration represents the time-rate of change in …

velocity

motion of an object initially at rest and accelerating uniformly

postive linear speed/time

A ball dropped from a bridge takes 3.0 seconds to reach the water below. How far is the bridge above water?

44

A constant force of 2.0 newtons is used to push a 3.0‑kilogram mass 4.0 meters across the floor. How much work is done on the mass?

8.0 J

Which dotted line best represents the path of the ball after leaving the ramp?

B

A baseball is being hit with a bat. Which value of θ would result in the ball traveling the longest horizontal distance?

45

The horizontal component of the projectile's initial velocity is 866 meters per second and its initial vertical component is 500. meters per second.

After 5.00 seconds, what is the vertical component of the projectile's velocity?

451 m/s

The horizontal component of the projectile's initial velocity is 866 meters per second and its initial vertical component is 500. meters per second.

The maximum height to which the projectile rises is approximately …

1.28 × 10^4 m

he diagram below shows a ball projected horizontally with an initial velocity of 20. meters per second east, off a cliff 100. meters high.

During the flight of the ball, what is the direction of its acceleration?

downward

A cannon elevated at an angle of 35° to the horizontal fires a cannonball, which travels the path shown in the diagram below.

If the ball's time of flight is 10. seconds, what is the vertical component of its initial velocity?

49 m/s

An object is thrown horizontally off a cliff with an initial velocity of 5.0 meters per second. The object strikes the ground 3.0 seconds later.

How far from the base of the cliff will the object strike the ground?

15 m

A 1‑kilogram object is thrown horizontally and a 2‑kilogram object is dropped vertically at the same instant and from the same point above the ground. If friction is neglected, at any given instant both objects will have the same …

height

What is the angle between the direction of propagation of a transverse wave and the direction in which the amplitude of the wave is measured?

90

A wave is generated in a rope which is represented by the solid line in the diagram below.

As the wave moves to the right, point  P on the rope is moving toward which position?

C

A constant force of 20. newtons applied to a box causes it to move at a constant speed of 4.0 meters per second. How much work is done in the box in 6.0 seconds?

480 J

A jack exerts a force of 4,500 newtons to raise a car 0.25 meter. What is the approximate work done by the jack?

1.1 × 10³

Pulling a 9.8‑newton cart a distance of 0.50 meter along a plane inclined at 15° requires 1.3 joules of work.

If the cart were raised 0.50 meter vertically instead of being pulled along the inclined plane, the amount of work done would be

greater

The diagram below represents a 20‑newton force pulling an object up a hill at a constant rate of 2 meters per second.

The work done by the force in pulling the object from A to B  is …

600 J

The diagram below represents a 20‑newton force pulling an object up a hill at a constant rate of 2 meters per second.

The work done against gravity in moving the object from point  A to point  B is approximately

200 J

A 1.0‑kilogram mass falls a distance of 0.50 meter causing a 2.0‑kilogram mass to slide the same distance along a table top, as represented in the diagram below.

How much work is done by the falling mass?

4.9 J

A 20‑newton block is at rest at the bottom of a frictionless incline as shown in the diagram below.

How much work must be done against gravity to move the block to the top of the incline?

60 J

A force of 3 newtons moves a 10‑kilogram mass horizontally a distance of 3 meters at constant velocity. The work done against friction is …

9 J

A 2.2‑kilogram mass is pulled by a 30.‑newton force through a distance of 5.0 meters as shown in the diagram below.

What amount of work is done?

150 J

The rate of change of work with respect to time is called …

power

What is the minimum power required for a conveyor to raise an 8.0‑newton box 4.0 meters vertically in 8.0 seconds?

4.0 W

A crane raises a 200‑newton weight to a height of 50 meters in 5 seconds. The crane does work at the rate of …

2.0 × 10³ W

Which quantity and unit are correctly paired?

energy — (kg*m²)/s²

As an object falls freely in a vacuum, its total energy …

remains the same

A mass resting on a shelf 10.0 meters above the floor has a gravitational potential energy of 980. joules with respect to the floor. The mass is moved to a shelf 8.00 meters above the floor. What is the new gravitational potential energy?

784 J

A 1.0 × 10 ³ ‑kilogram car is moving at a constant speed of 4.0 meters per second. What is the kinetic energy of the car?

8.0 × 10³

A 60.-kilogram astronaut weighs 96 newtons on the surface of the Moon. The acceleration due to gravity on the Moon is …

1.6 m/s²

Which graph best represents the motion of an object that has no unbalanced force acting on it?

displacement/time

Two concurrent forces act at right angles to each other. If one of the forces is 40 newtons and the resultant of the two forces is 50 newtons, the magnitude of the other force must be …

30 N

The handle of a lawn roller is held at 45° from the horizontal. A force,  F , of 28.0 newtons is applied to the handle as the roller is pushed across a level lawn, as shown in the diagram below.

What is the magnitude of the force moving the roller forward?

19.8 N

The diagram below shows a person exerting a 300.‑newton force on the handle of a shovel that makes an angle of 60.0 with the horizontal ground.

The component of the 300.‑newton force that acts perpendicular to the ground is approximately

260 N

In the diagram below, the weight of a box on a plane inclined at 30.° is represented by the vector  W .

What is the magnitude of the component of the weight ( W ) that acts parallel to the incline?

0.5W

A student walks 1.0 kilometer due east and 1.0 kilometer due south. Then she runs 2.0 kilometers due west. The magnitude of the student's resultant displacement is closest to

1.4 km

The approximate height of a high school physics student is …

10^0 m

A runner completed the 100.‑meter dash in 10.0 seconds. Her average speed was

10.0 m/s

The distance-time graph below represents the position of an object moving in a straight line.

What is the speed of the object during the time interval t  = 2.0 seconds to t  = 4.0 seconds?

10 m/s

A locomotive starts from rest and accelerates at 0.12 meter per second ² to a speed of 2.4 meters per second in 20. seconds. This motion could best be described as …

constant acceleration and increasing velocity

An object initially at rest accelerates at 5 meters per second ² until it attains a speed of 30 meters per second. What distance does the object move while accelerating?

90 m

A boat initially traveling at 10. meters per second accelerates uniformly at the rate of 5.0 meters per second ² for 10. seconds. How far does the boat travel during this time?

350 m

Which combination of graphs best describes free-fall motion?

B and D (parabolic distance, linear speed)

An astronaut drops a stone near the surface of the Moon. Which graph best represents the motion of the stone as it falls toward the Moon's surface?

linear increasing

A toy projectile is fired from the ground vertically upward with an initial velocity of 29 meters per second. The projectile arrives at its maximum altitude in 3.0 seconds.

What is the velocity of the projectile when it hits the ground?

-29 m/s

The diagram represents a block sliding along a frictionless surface between points  A and  G .

Which expression represents the magnitude of the block's acceleration as it moves from point  C to point  D ?

delta v / delta t

A car is traveling at a constant speed of 14 meters per second along a straight highway. A tree and a speed limit sign are beside the highway. As it passes the tree, the car starts to accelerate. The car is accelerated uniformly at 2.0 meters per second ² until it reaches the speed limit sign, 5.0 seconds later.

When the car reaches the sign, the car's speed is …

less than the speed limit (24 m/s)