Nervous System Quiz

What is the function of the Sympathetic Nervous System?

Prepares body to engage in physical activity or perform under stress.

How is the cardiac muscle effected in the sympathetic nervous system?

increase heart rate

How is the bronchioles of the lungs effected in the sympathetic nervous system?

dilates bronchioles

How is the liver effected in the sympathetic nervous system?

stimulates release of glucose into the blood

How is the Arrector Pili muscles effected in the sympathetic nervous system?

Contracts arrector pili causing goosebumps

How is the gastrointestinal tract effected in the sympathetic nervous system?

decreases activity

How is the blood vessels effected in the sympathetic nervous system?

Vasoconstriction in visceral vessels. Vasodilation in skeletral muscles

How is the pupils effected in the sympathetic nervous system?

dilate pupils

How is the sweat glands effected in the sympathetic nervous system?

stimulates sweat glands

Why does the sympathetic nervous system shunt blood to skeletal muscles?

To prepare the body for intense physical activity

Why does the sympathetic nervous nervous system cause decreased activity in the digestive tract?

During sympathetic activation, energy is required elsewhere in the body for more "essential" functions.

In the sympathetic nervous system, a ganglion is a place where:

Neurons can synapse with each other

Fibers arise in spinal cord segments _________ (sympathetic)

T1-L2

Bundle of nerve fibers that flanks both sides of the vertebral column

Sympathetic trunk

The sympathetic trunk looks like a chain of beads and each bead is a what?

Sympathetic trunk ganglion

Sympathetic preganglionic fibers are _____________.

short

Sympathetic postganglionic fibers are _____________.

long

Carry preganglionic fibers from the spinal nerve to sympathetic ganglia.

White Ramus Communicans

carry postganglionic fibers from sympathetic ganglia to spinal nerves.

Gray Ramus Communicans

The pathways for an impulse in the sympathetic nervous system.

Spinal cord> preganglionic fiber> ganglion> postganglionic fiber> effector

Why are many preganglionic fibers in the sympathetic nervous system short?

Many preganglionic fibers in the sympathetic division synapse at the sympathetic trunk which is close to the spinal cord

Efferent neurons in the sympathetic nervous system will always arise in the ______________. Then, they will pass through the sympathetic __________________, where they will either synapse with another neuron, or continue towards the effector and synapse later on.

Spinal cord, trunk

A preganglionic fiber arriving at the sympathetic trunk could do any of the following EXCEPT:

Synapse with a parasympathetic fiber at the same level of the sympathetic trunk

Function of the Parasympathetic Nervous System

Promotes restoration and conservation of energy

How is the Cardiac Muscle muscles effected in the parasympathetic nervous system?

Decreases heart rate

How is the Bronchioles in the Lungs muscles effected in the parasympathetic nervous system?

Constricts bronchioles

How is the gastrointestinal tract muscles effected in the parasympathetic nervous system?

increases activity

How is the Smooth muscle of urinary sphincters muscles effected in the parasympathetic nervous system?

contraction of smooth muscle, allowing for urination

How is the pupil muscles effected in the parasympathetic nervous system?

pupil is constricted

Is "increases activity in gastrointestinal tract" sympathetic or parasympathetic?

parasympathetic

Is "Vasodilation in skeletal muscles" sympathetic or parasympathetic?

sympathetic

Is "Dilates pupils" sympathetic or parasympathetic?

sympathetic

Is "constricts bronchioles" sympathetic or parasympathetic?

parasympathetic

Is "dilates bronchioles" sympathetic or parasympathetic?

sympathetic

Is "decreases heart rate" sympathetic or parasympathetic?

parasympathetic

Fibers arise in ___________ and sacral region (parasympathetic)

brainstem

_________ nerve provides about 90% of parasympathetic innervation

vagus

parasympathetic preganglionic fibers are _____________.

long

Parasympathetic postganglionic fibers are _____________.

short

After getting in a car accident, Gordan's sacral nerves are severely damaged. Which of the following bodily functions do you think will be affected by this injury?

Urinary bladder function

In the parasympathetic nervous system, preganglionic fibers are __________ and postganglionic fibers are ____________.

Long; short