Gastrointestinal System Pharmacology

This set of flashcards encompasses key terms and concepts related to the pharmacology of the gastrointestinal system, including medications for acid reflux, treatment of IBD, and nursing considerations.

Antacids

Medications that neutralize gastric acid to relieve symptoms of acid reflux and GERD.

Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)

Medications that inhibit the proton pump in the stomach, reducing gastric acid secretion.

H2 Receptor Antagonists

Medications that block histamine H2 receptors in gastric lining to decrease hydrochloric acid secretion.

Acid Reflux

Condition where gastric contents flow back into the esophagus, leading to heartburn.

GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, a chronic form of acid reflux.

5-Aminosalicylates

Medications used to treat Inflammatory Bowel Disease by reducing inflammation.

Immunosuppressants

Medications that suppress the immune response, often used in autoimmune conditions.

Mucosal Protectants

Medications that form a protective barrier on the gastric mucosa to promote healing.

Antiemetics

Medications used to prevent or treat nausea and vomiting.

Laxatives

Medications that promote bowel movements to relieve constipation.

Anti-Diarrheals

Medications that reduce or control diarrhea by slowing peristalsis.

Complications of GERD

Possible outcomes from untreated GERD, including ulceration, Barrett's esophagus, and esophageal cancer.

Side Effects

Adverse effects associated with medications, such as nausea, dizziness, and constipation.

Nursing Considerations

Guidelines for nurses on how to manage and educate patients regarding medications.

IBD

Inflammatory Bowel Disease, including Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease.

Long-term Side Effects of PPIs

Risks associated with prolonged use of PPIs, including osteoporosis and gastrointestinal infections.

Drug Interactions

Potential changes in the effectiveness of medications due to concurrent use.

Common Antiemetics

Medications frequently used to alleviate nausea and vomiting, such as ondansetron and metoclopramide.

Bowel Training

A regimen to help individuals establish regular bowel habits.

Electrolyte Imbalances

Disruptions in the normal levels of electrolytes in the body, which can occur with excessive antacid use.