Concert Band Written Final Exam

Maestoso

Majestically (moderate tempo)

Articulation

The way you play a note

Marcato

Accented & short

Cadenza

Solo where the music stops (improv)

Chord

More than 3 notes that create a harmony

Chromatic scale

All 12 pitches in an octave

Consonance

Notes that sound stable & pleasant

Diminuendo

Getting quieter

Poco a poco

Little by little

Divisi

Splits parts (ad 2 puts it back together)

Solo

Played by one performer

Staccato

Short and separated

Enharmonic

2 notes written differently that sound the same (F# & Gb)

Intonation

Playing in tune (maintaining structure of intervals)

Vibrato

A natural, pulsating change in pitch

Accidental

A flat, sharp, or natural out of the key signature

Breath Support

Constant flow of air

Molto

Very/much

Pitch

How high or low the note is

Dissonance

A discordant, unstable, or unpleasant chord

Simile

Same (articulation)

Soli

A section feature in a piece

Duet

Performance of 2

Embouchure

The positioning of the mouth against the mouthpiece

Subito

Suddenly

Syncopation

Off-beat rhythms / Shifting of accent from strong to weak beat

Trill

Rapid switch between 2 adjacent notes

Tutti

Together

Unison

Playing same note at same time

Legato

Elongated, full value

Tremello

Trill between any notes

sfz

Sforzando (Sudden strong accent)

fp

Fortepiano (Loud then immediately soft)

Tenuto

Hold the note for its full value

Accent

Emphasize the note / play louder

Tie

Connects two notes of the same pitch to combine their duration

Slur

Connects two or more notes of different pitches smoothly

Treble Clef

G clef used for higher pitched instruments/voices

Bass Clef

F clef used for lower pitched instruments/voices

Coda

An added ending section of a piece of music

D.S. al Coda

Dal Segno al Coda (Go back to the sign, then skip to the coda section)

D.C. al Coda

Da Capo al Coda (Go back to the beginning, then skip to the coda section)

Segno

The sign used in navigation markings

Measure lines

Vertical lines dividing music into bars

Ending barline

Double barline indicating the end of a piece

Fine

The end

Crescendo

Gradually getting louder

Fermata

Hold the note or rest longer than its normal value

Common-time (C)

4/4 time signature

Cut-time (𝄵)

2/2 time signature