Mostly things that weren't on the diagrams (Bio. chap. 6)

Prokaryotic cells

Lack a membrane bound nucleus and organelles

Example of a prokaryotic cell

E. coli

What are the folds in mitochondria called?

Cristae

What is a singular disc in a chloroplast organelle? (squished oval)

Thykaloid

What is the stack of discs in a chloroplast called?

Granoid

What is the aqueous fluid in a chloroplast called?

Stroma

What has a double membrane?

Mitochondria and chloroplasts

What is ideal for cells?

Large SA:Vol ratio

Which is bigger, a bacteria or a virus?

Bacteria

Eukaryotic cells

Possess membrane bound nucleus and organelles

Plasma membrane

All cells have it

Nucleolus

Ribosome production (not functional yet)

Ribosomes

Composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and protein

Smooth ER

Stores calcium ions

Rough ER

Has transport mechanism, as vesicles bud off of it

Vesicles

Used for transport

Phagocytosis

Lysosomes breaking down food

Autophagy

Lysosomes breaking down damaged organelles

Mitochondria

Contains its own DNA and ribosomes, has two membranes and can self replicate

Peroxisome

Contains catalase to transfer hydrogen in substances to oxygen, which often creates hydrogen peroxide as a byproduct

What does the cytoskeleton do?

Plays a role in support, motility, and regulation of the cell

What is the cytoskeleton made up of?

Microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments

What is the centrosome?

Microtubule organizing center (MTOC)

What are examples of microtubules?

Flagella, centrioles, and cilia

Cilia

Many short, hair like extensions which assist with movement

Flagellum

One long hair like extension that assists with movement

Prokaryote size

70s=50s+30s

Eukaryote size

80s=60s+40s

Which is bigger, prokaryotes or eukaryotes?

Eukaryotes