Medical-Surgical and Lab Values Review

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering medical-surgical concepts, reproductive health, hormonal disorders, respiratory care, and essential lab values.

Neutropenic precautions

Also called reverse precaution; involves measures such as wearing a mask for immunocompromised individuals like cancer and transplant patients.

Priapism

An erection lasting longer than $3$ hours, often occurring after the use of viagra.

Retrograde ejaculation

A condition where sperm enters into the bladder instead of being ejaculated.

Peyronies disease

A condition where the penis curves upward due to the buildup of scar tissue inside the penis.

Anaphylaxis protocol

Immediate actions including the use of an epipen (can be administered through clothes), checking the airway, and calling $911$.

Jung theory

The concept of an elderly version of a midlife crisis focusing on the purpose in life.

Senile purpura

Red spots or purple skin observed on elderly individuals.

Sandwich generation

A group of people who are simultaneously taking care of their children and their parents.

Hypoparathyroid symptoms

Resulting from calcium deficiency (requiring Vitamin C and D), symptoms include numbness/tingling, extreme fatigue, brain fog, muscle spasms, and heart arrhythmia.

Calcium and Phosphorus relationship

An inverse relationship where Calcium high = Phosphorus low and Calcium low = Phosphorus high.

Hemodialysis

A process to filter blood through a port, performed $3$ times a week, requiring the patient to avoid high potassium.

Paratadialysis

A rare procedure done every day that requires weighing the bag and the patient both before and after the process.

AV fistula assessment

The skin should be warm with a thrill and normal color; pale skin indicates a lack of circulation.

Primary immunodeficiency

A genetic condition that happens at and is known about at birth.

Pursed lips breathing

A technique to breathe slower by breathing in and then breathing out twice as long.

Venturi mask

A color-coded mask that goes over the mouth and nose with a strap behind the head, used to deliver high-flow oxygen for an exact amount.

Aspiration

A high-risk factor for pneumonia where substances are breathed into the lungs rather than swallowed.

Hypothyroidism symptoms

Weight gain, feeling cold, bradycardia, and a lack of hormone production; requires a $T3 + T4$ test and wearing a medical alert device.

Hyperthyroidism symptoms

Hair loss, weight loss, palpitations, edema, and increased thirst/urination.

Normal SPO2 for COPD

Expected to be around $88\%$ due to chronic hypoxia.

Magnesium (Normal Range)

$$1.5 - 2.5\,mg/dL$$

Phosphorus (Normal Range)

$$2.5 - 4.5\,mg/dL$$

Calcium (Normal Range)

$$9 - 11\,mg/dL$$

GFR (Glomerular Filtration Rate)

$$90 - 120\,mL/min/1.73\,m^2$$

WBCs (White Blood Cells)

$$4,500 - 11,000/\mu L$$

HBA1C Diabetic threshold

> 6.5\% (Goal for a diabetic is < 6.5\%; the test reads for $3$ months).

BMI Obesity threshold

> 30.0

MAP (Mean Arterial Pressure)

$$70 - 100\,mmHg$$

ICP (Intracranial Pressure)

$$5 - 15\,mmHg$$

Glasgow Coma Scale: Severe

A score between $3 - 8$.