Electrolytes

Electrolyte Summary

Study online at https://quizlet.com/_iiy1w9

1. Sodium Major Extracellular Cation

2. Sodium Range 136-145 mEq/L

3. Potassium Major Intracellular Cation

4. Potassium Range 2.5-5.1 mEq/L

5. Chloride Major Extracellular Anion

6. Chloride Range 98-107 mEq/L

7. Bicarbonate Most important Extracellular Anion

8. Bicarbonate

Range

23-29 mEq/L

9. Calcium Range 8.5-10.5 mEq/L

10. Magnesium Second most abuntant intracellular cation

11. Magnesium

Range

1.9-2.5 mg/dL

12. Phosphorus ONLY major intracellular anion

13. Phosphorus

Range

2.5-4.5 mg/dL

14. Anion Gap Range

with K+

16 +/- 4 mEq/L

15. Anion Gap Range

without K+

12 +/- 4 mEq/L

1 / 4

Electrolyte Summary

Study online at https://quizlet.com/_iiy1w9

16. Serum Osmolali-

280-300 mOsm/kg

ty Range

17. Urine Osmolality

Range

300-1000 mOsm/kg

18. Sodium Func-

tions

• Maintenance of water distribution

• Maintenance of normal osmotic pressure

• Neuromuscular processes

• Acid-base balance

Water loss, sodium gain

19. Sodium Causes

for Increase

20. Sodium Causes

for Decrease

Depletional, Dilutional, Pseudohyponatremia

21. Potassium Func-

tions

22. Potassium Caus-

es for Increase

23. Potassium Caus-

es for Decrease

24. Chloride Func-

tions

• Regulation of cellular processes

• Neuromuscular excitation

• Increased intake

• Increased cell lysis

• Impaired renal excretion

• Pseudohyperkalemia

• Altered cellular uptake

• Increased cellular uptake

• Increased renal loss

• Increased GI loss

• Maintenance of water distribution

• Maintence of normal osmotic pressure

• Acid-base balance

2 / 4

Electrolyte Summary

Study online at https://quizlet.com/_iiy1w9

25. Chloride Causes

• Dehyrdation

for Increase

• Metabolic alkalosis compensation

26. Chloride Causes

for Decrease

• GI loss, burns, renal loss

27. Bicarbonate

Function

28. Bicarbonate

Cause for

Increase

29. Bicarbonate

Cause for

Decrease

30. Calcium Func-

tions

• Blood buffer

• Metabolic alkalosis

• Metabolic acidosis

31. Calcium Causes

for Increase

32. Calcium Causes

for Decrease

• Decrease neuromuscular excitability

• Coagulation

• Enzyme activator

• Transfer of ions across cell membranes