Chapter 19 Extra Questions

The glucose transporter in muscle cells and adipose tissue is

GLUT4

Which of the following hormones stimulates the appetite?

ghrelin

Which of these hormones regulates the level of glucose in human blood?

insulin, gluagon and epinephrine

The Cori cycle involves the following

Conversion of lactate produced in the muscle to glucose in the liver.

Insulin stimulates the ________(increase, decrease, neutralization) of glucose levels in the blood.

decrease

Which organs can generate glucose?

Liver and kidneys

Which are important molecules in energy metabolism?

triacylglycerols

Which activity is part of the Cori cycle?

delivering glucose to muscles

Indicate whether the following metabolic processes are either stimulated or inhibited by the action of insulin

1. Gluconeogenesis in Liver

2. Entry of glucose into muscle and adipose cells

3. Glycogen synthesis in muscle and liver

1. Inhibited

2. Stimulated

3. Stimulated

Match the organ with its compartmental role below

1. Liver

2. Heart

3. Adipose tissue

1. Process and distributes nutrients obtained from diet

2. Use fatty acids as main oxidative state

3. store fatty aicds

In a variation of the Cori cycle, what amino acid is transported from the muscle to the liver?

alanine

Insulin signaling leads to the _____ of glycogen synthase and _____ of glycogen phosphorylase.

activation, inactivation

The brain has a unique metabolic profile compared to other tissues. What characteristics listed below are features of brain energy metabolism?

No storage of fuel molecules;

Glucose is primary fuel molecule;

Ketone bodies may be oxidized as a last resort

What happens to the nitrogen from excess protein?

It is eliminated through the urea cycle.

During the fed state, which of the following pathways would be inhibited in the liver?

gluconeogenesis

Identify the metabolic effects of insulin from the list below

Stimulates glycogen synthesis;

Decreases gluconeogenesis;

Decreases blood glucose levels

What is special about the brains hexokinase

it has a high affinity for glucose