Short obligatory acts of salat

What is the rule if Qibla is unknown?

Pray in the most likely direction; never abandon prayer. Ref: Wasail al-Shia, Vol. 4, Bab 6.

Sistani’s precaution for unknown Qibla?

Pray in all 4 directions (Recommended).

Khamenei’s precaution for unknown Qibla?

Pray in all 4 directions if time permits (Obligatory).

Three criteria for Sajda materials?

1. From Earth, 2. Not eaten, 3. Not worn.

Example of a modern Sajda material?

Paper or Tissue (unstained/uncoated). Ref: Wasail al-Shia, Vol. 5, Bab 1.

Total number of obligatory acts?

11.

Definition of a Rukn act?

A foundation; skipping or adding it (even accidentally) voids prayer.

How many acts are Rukn?

5 (Niyyah, Takbir, Qiyam, Ruku, Sujood). Ref: Al-Kafi, Vol. 3, Bab al-Farayid.

Definition of a Non-Rukn act?

Obligatory, but accidental mistakes do not void prayer.

How many acts are Non-Rukn?

6 (Qiraat, Dhikr, Tashahud, Salam, Tartib, Muwalat).

Meaning of Tartib?

Performing parts in the correct order.

Meaning of Muwalat?

Performing parts back-to-back without gaps.

Four conditions for clothing?

1. Tahir, 2. Mubah, 3. Sufficient cover, 4. No gold/silk (men).

Meaning of Mubah clothing?

Lawfully owned or worn with permission. Ref: Wasail al-Shia, Vol. 3, Abwab al-Libas.

Coverage for women (with non-Mahram)?

Full hijab (except face/hands); feet must be covered.

Which Qiyam (standing) is a Rukn?

During Takbiratul Ihram and before going into Ruku.

Math for Jurisprudential Midnight?

Midpoint between Maghrib and Fajr azan.

Bonus: Imam Ali's quote on prayer?

"When a servant stands in prayer, he is speaking privately with his Lord." Ref: Nahjul Balagha.