Neurophysiology: Reflex Arc, UMN/LMN, and Spinal Injury Levels
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35 Terms
Spinal Reflex Arc Characteristic 1
Rapid[cite: 7]
Spinal Reflex Arc Characteristic 2
Involuntary[cite: 7]
Reflex Arc Step 1
Stimulus[cite: 7]
Reflex Arc Step 2
Receptor[cite: 7]
Reflex Arc Step 3
Sensory neuron[cite: 7]
Reflex Arc Step 4
Motor neuron[cite: 7]
Reflex Arc Step 5
Effector[cite: 7]
Reflex Arc Step 6
Response[cite: 7]
Reflex Arc Exclusion
Decision making and conscious thought are not involved[cite: 7]
Monosynaptic Reflex Definition
A reflex involving only one synapse between a sensory and motor neuron[cite: 7]
Polysynaptic Reflex Definition
A reflex involving an interneuron between the sensory and motor neurons[cite: 7]
Polysynaptic Reflex Characteristic
Produces a more complicated and elaborate response[cite: 7]
UMN Function 1
Sends voluntary motor signals to the lower motor neuron[cite: 7]
UMN Function 2
Inhibits the reflex arc[cite: 7]
Supralesional Injury Location
Above the layer of spinal cord injury[cite: 7]
Supralesional UMN Status
Unaffected[cite: 7]
Supralesional LMN Status
Unaffected[cite: 7]
Supralesional Reflex Finding
Normal reflexes[cite: 7]
Lesional Injury Location
At the exact site of the spinal cord injury[cite: 7]
Lesional UMN Status
Affected[cite: 7]
Lesional LMN Status
Affected[cite: 7]
Lesional Reflex Finding
Absent or diminished (weak) reflexes[cite: 7]
Infralesional Injury Location
Below the layer of spinal cord injury[cite: 7]
Infralesional UMN Status
Affected[cite: 7]
Infralesional LMN Status
Unaffected[cite: 7]
Infralesional Reflex Finding
Hyperactive reflexes[cite: 7]
Biceps Tendon Reflex Level
C4/C5[cite: 7]
Triceps Tendon Reflex Level
C7/C8[cite: 7]
Abdominal Reflex Level
T8-T12[cite: 7]
Cremastic Reflex Level
L2[cite: 7]
Patellar Tendon Reflex Level
L3/L4[cite: 7]
Achilles Tendon Reflex Level
S1[cite: 7]
Normal Plantar Response Action
Toes curled (Plantarflexion)[cite: 7]
Babinski Sign Action
Toes fanned (Dorsiflexion)[cite: 7]
Babinski Sign Clinical Meaning
Indicates an extensor plantar response[cite: 7]