electromagnetic spectrum

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8 Terms

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Radio waves

Terrestrial radio/TV as they can travel long distances , MRI to generate images of the human body

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Microwaves

Microwave oven as water molecules in the food absorb radiation and gain thermal energy cooking it. Mobile phones when waves are sent out by the transmitter. GPS as waves pass through the atmosphere the satellites to find the receiver’s location. Can cause internal heating of body cells and damage them

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Infrared

Remote controls, cookers as it give out thermal radiation. Thermal imaging camera. Can cause skin burns

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Visible light

Illuminations, vision and photography. Can burn at higher intensity eg with lasers

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Ultraviolet

Security marks on bank notes, sterilise water by killing bacteria. Can cause skin cancer, cataracts and burns to surface cells

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X rays

X ray images, crack detection, CAT scans. Can cause ionisation in skin and eyes, damaging and causing mutations in the DNA

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Gamma rays

Sterilisation, radiotherapy to treat cancer. Can cause ionisation of cells and damage the DNA

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Similarities between electromagnetic waved

  • all transverse waves

  • All travel at the speed of light

  • Can travel through a vacuum

  • Can transfer energy