Renaissance

What is the Renaissance a revival of?

classical (ancient Roman and Greek) philosophy, literature, and art

what is Humanism?

an intellectual movement focusing on humanity, education, individuality, etc…

Who was Cimabue

a traditional painter with heavy influence of the Byzantine style but includes more depth of space

Who was considered the ‘father of Western pictorial arts’

Giotto di Bondone

What is the picture and why was it made

Arena Scrovegni Chapel; to atone for the family’s sins of usury

‘trompe l’oeil’ meaning in english

trick of the eye

What is the image and what does it depict

‘Lamentation’, removing Christ of the cross

Who were the Medicis

the de facto rulers of Florence

How did the Renaissance begin

The Baptistery of st John announced an art competition and whoever won received a full commission to design and make the North Doors of the Florence baptister

Who won the art competition by St John

Ghiberti

What was Pieter Bruegel the Elder known for

known for painting detailed scenes of peasant life, a “genre painting”

What is the painting, who made it, and an important element

Hunters in the Snow, by Pieter Bruegel, faces are not shown (first time seeing anonymous peasants in art) making it more relatable

What is the Duomo and it’s significance

Brunelleschi designs the dome for the Santa Maria del Fiore (Florence’s biggest Cathedral)

What is this Cathedral named and how long did it remain unfinished for

The Santa Maria del Fiore and it remained unfinished for over 100 years

After Brunelleschi won the commission he was able to build the dome using the following

Designing a double-domed structure, bricks in a herringbone pattern, and inventing new machines to lift materials up great heights

What is this image

Annunciation Tripytch by Robert Campin

What does this image depict

Isenheim Altarpiece by Matthias Grunewald

How many views does this open to

3

What does the first view of the Isenheim Alterpiece show

Shows Jesus suffering from ergotism

What did Donatellos sculptures show

humanism

Artist and name of work

Donatello’s David sculpture

Key things about Donatello’s David

First freestanding nude sculpture since antiquity, humanism includes an interest in anatomical antiquity, and helps characterize David’s youth

What was Donatello’s David most likely commissioned for and what was it seen as a sign of

The courtyard of the Medici palace and was seen as a symbol of Florence

tempura paint

ground pigment mixed with diluted egg yolk

What was linear perspective based off and who made it

Mathematics (based off vanishing points with orthogonals (diagonal lines), and made by Brunelleschi

What is this image and could we build a scale model from it’s perspective

Masaccio’s The Holy Trinity with the Virgin, St. John, and Two Donors; yes

What does the lowest of this painting depict

a skeleton laying on top of a sarcophagus, and it depicts memento mori

What is this image and what it depicts

Fra Lippo Lippi’s Madonna and Child with Two Angels- Jesus looks like an actual angel

Interesting aspects of Fra Lippo’s Madonna painting

Shows Christ and Mary barely having a halo, making them look more earthly and Mary is dressed as a Florentine Noblewoman

What is this image who made it and important details (2)

Botticelli’s-Birth of Venus; Aphrodite is in a contrapposto pose and one of the first Renaissance pieces to show nudity without biblical context (pagan)

Location and start of Northern Renaissance

north of the Alps, started around 1450 when Italian art started to be imported North

The Protestant’s Reformation effect on art

religious art associated with money and corruption of Catholicism, so art becomes more secular, and a heavy dependence on veiling messages through symbolism

Image author and what the four animals symbolize

Adam and Eve by Durer, the animals symbolize the 4 humors

Image, author, and focus

Allegory of Law and Grace, made by Lucas Cranach the Elder, and focuses on ideals of Protestantism (Faith alone) and Catholicism (Faith and good works)

Who consulted Lucas Cranach the Elder on the design of the Allegory of Law and Grace

Martin Luther

What does the left side of this image depict

Meant to represent Catholicism and Judaism

What does the right side of the image support

Martin Luther’s view

Who’s called the inventor of oil painting

Jan Van Eyck

Image and author

The Arnolfini Portait by Jan Van Eyck

What does the dog symbolize

Marriage fidelity

Religious symbolism in the Alnolfini Portait

One lit candle and biblical images around the mirror