Aice psychology paper 2

Experiment

Looks for a relationship in which an independent variable (IV) is manipulated and is expected to be responsible for changes in the dependent variable (DV).

Independent variable

is the variable which is manipulated by the experimenter that is presumed

to effect the DV.

Dependent variable

assumed to be effected by the IV. Changes in the DV are presumed to

have been caused by the IV.

Extraneous Variable(s):

is a variable which acts randomly, affecting the DV in all levels of the IV. The three types are experimenter, situational, and participant.

Cofounding Variable

systematically affects one level of the IV. It can obscure the effect of the DV, making the results hard to interpret.

Experimenter variable

Unintentional actions by researchers that influence study outcomes ( ex:// variation in instructions)

Situational variable

environmental circumstances, or contexts that influence an individual's behavior, attitudes, and decisions (ex:// factors like temperature, noise, lighting can affect how people behave)

Participant variable

individual characteristics (such as age, gender, intelligence, personality, or mood) that are not the focus of the research but can unintentionally influence the dependent variable

Laboratory experiment