PEAT 3 (Questions 101 - 200)

A

The result of which of the following nerve tension tests is MOST likely to be positive for a waiter

who has hand pain when carrying trays overhead?

A. Ulnar

B. Median

C. Radial

D. Musculocutaneous

B

A patient reports dizziness and blurred vision when walking and turning the head to either the left or the right. The patient has no problem when the head is kept still while walking. Which of the following systems is MOST likely involved?

A. Visual

B. Vestibular

C. Somatosensory

D. Musculoskeletal

C

Which of the following questions is the MOST appropriate for a functional outcome measurement

tool?

A. "How high can you lift

your arm?"

B. "How long have you had this pain?"

C. "How often do you walk with a limp?"

D. "How much does this leg bother you?"

A

A patient describes bilateral posterior lower leg aching that resolves with sitting and is exacerbated by walking, especially down hills. What diagnosis is MOST likely responsible for this pain?

A. Lateral spinal stenosis

B. Central disc herniation

C. Bilateral piriformis syndrome

D. Neoplastic spinal lesion

A

A patient, who is a tennis player, has been receiving physical therapy intervention following an anterior capsular reconstruction of the dominant shoulder. The physical therapist determines that the patient is ready to begin dynamic stabilization exercises. Which of the following is an appropriate dynamic stabilization exercise for this patient?

A. Hitting a tennis ball

against a wall using a forehand stroke

B. Practicing slow forehand strokes with elastic tubing attached to the racquet grip

C. Maintaining a follow through position while the therapist provides rhythmic stabilization

resistance

D. Performing push-ups against the wall with emphasis placed on scapular protraction

B

106. Which of the following ranges of motion is MOST important to obtain for an individual with a T12

spinal cord injury to walk?

A. Neutral dorsiflexion

B. Full hip extension

C. Normal knee flexion

D. 110° straight-leg raise

D

The physical therapy intervention of a patient with dark skin pigmentation includes superficial heat. After 5 minutes of this intervention, the physical therapist removes the heat and observes that the skin over the region being treated is blotchy with both darker and lighter areas. What is the MOST appropriate action for the physical therapist to take?

A. Discontinue superficial

heat and initiate ultrasound.

B. Continue with the use of superficial heat, as this is a normal response.

C. Discontinue superficial heat and initiate diathermy.

D. Continue with the use of superficial heat, but add more towel layers.

C

A 50 year-old patient had an uncomplicated open repair of a rotator cuff tear 2 weeks ago. The patient asks the physical therapist when the shoulder will be normal again. Which of the following expected outcome time frames MOST accurately addresses this patient's question?

A. 3 weeks to lift 5-lb (2.3-kg) objects

B. 3 weeks to sleep on the involved side

C. 3 months to lift the upper extremity overhead to reach into a cabinet

D. 3 months to play golf

C

A patient who had arthroscopic knee surgery 6 weeks ago currently has passive knee range of motion of 25° to 125° with pain at the end of the available range. Which of the following joint mobilization procedures is MOST appropriate for this patient?

A. Large amplitude oscillations performed within the range of motion, moving the tibia

anteriorly on the femur

B. Small amplitude oscillations performed at the limit of the available motion and into tissue

resistance, moving the tibia posteriorly on the femur

C. Small amplitude oscillations performed at the limit of the available motion and into tissue

resistance, moving the tibia anteriorly on the femur

D. Large amplitude oscillations performed within the range of motion, moving the tibia

posteriorly on the femur

D

The work modification shown in the photograph is MOST appropriate for a patient with which of

the following pathologies?

A. Central lumbar stenosis

B. Deep vein thrombosis

C. Thoracolumbar scoliosis

D. Lumbar disc bulge

C

A patient had knee surgery 4 weeks ago. Which of the following descriptions represents the correct neuromuscular electrical stimulation parameters to use for strengthening the quadriceps muscle of this patient?

A. 1 to 4 pps, 100 microseconds

B. 1 to 4 pps, 350 microseconds

C. 40 to 50 pps, 350 microseconds

D. 100 pps, 100

A

In order to manually assess a patient's lower extremity circulation, a physical therapist should

palpate the patient's peripheral pulse at which of the following locations?

113.

A. Dorsal foot, near the base of the 1st metatarsal

B. Lateral lower leg, just posterior to the fibular head

C. Lateral ankle, just inferior to the lateral malleolus

D. Plantar foot, just medial to the medial calcaneal tuberosity

B

A physical therapist is evaluating a 70 year-old female patient who reports the onset of midthoracic pain after working in a garden for several hours. The presence of which of the following history items should increase the therapist's suspicion of a thoracic compression fracture in the patient?

A. Bowel and bladder dysfunction

B. Smoking and prolonged steroid use

C. Hypertension and diabetes

D. Emphysema and hormone replacement therapy

C

Which of the following sleeping positions is LEAST appropriate for a physical therapist to recommend for a patient with right glenohumeral joint anterior/inferior hypermobility and subacromial impingement?

A. Supine

B. Prone

C. Right sidelying

D. Left sidelying

C

Which of the following joints is indicated by the arrow in the radiograph?

A. Tibiofibular

B. Subtalar

C. Talocrural

D. Midtarsal

C

Which of the following positions is BEST to assess the length of a patient's rectus femoris

muscle?

A. Sidelying with tested hip in flexion

B. Supine with tested hip and knee in flexion

C. Prone with tested knee in flexion

D. Sidelying with tested hip in extension

D

A patient with an L4 - Ls posterolateral herniated nucleus pulposus is MOST likely to have sensory

deficits in which of the following locations?

A. Medial knee

B. Medial ankle

C. Plantar aspect of the foot

D. Dorsum of the great toe

A

Which of the following descriptions describes the correct physical examination technique to

assess tissue hydration in the hand?

A. Pinch and lift the skin and determine the time for the skin to return to normal.

B. Push into the skin and determine the time for the skin to return to normal.

C. Measure the surface temperature over the volar aspect of the wrist.

D. Obtain volumetric measurements on each arm and compare displacement measures.

D

A patient's standing posture is characterized by a right thoracolumbar scoliosis. The scoliosis is not present when the patient is sitting. Which of the following dysfunctions is MOST likely the cause of this patient's scoliosis?

A. Lumbar facet dysfunction

B. Unilaterally weak gluteus medius

C. Short iliopsoas muscle

D. Leg-length discrepancy

A

To obtain informed consent for an intervention, the physical therapist must disclose to the

patient all of the following EXCEPT the:

A. cost of the intervention.

B. goals of the intervention.

C. possible risks of the intervention.

D. alternative interventions available.

B

Which of the following statements is an appropriately written short-term goal?

A. In 2 weeks, the patient will increase walking distance from 50 ft to 100 ft (15 m to 30 m) with a

wheeled walker.

B. The patient will walk 100 ft (30 m) with a wheeled walker and minimal assistance in 3 weeks

C. In 4 weeks, the patient will walk with minimal assistance 100 ft (30 m) without loss of

balance.

D. The patient will increase walking distance from 50 ft to 100 ft (15 m to 30 m) with a wheeled

walker independently by discharge.

C

Which of the following pulmonary function tests measures the average total amount of air moved

during inspiration of normal breathing?

A. Vital capacity

B. Inspiratory capacity

C. Tidal volume

D. Inspiratory reserve volume

D

A physical therapist is evaluating a patient who had a right lower lobe resection due to lung cancer yesterday. During auscultation of the patient's lungs, the therapist notes decreased low-pitched crackles bilaterally. The patient's vital signs are: heart rate - 99 bpm; blood pressure - 115/75 mm Hg; and pulse oximetry - 92% on 2 liters of oxygen while sitting at the edge of the bed. Which of the following actions should the therapist take NEXT?

A. Begin walking for the patient on 4 liters of oxygen

B. Contact the physician.

C. Perform active range of motion exercises with the patient at bedside

D. Initiate bronchopulmonary hygiene

A

A physical therapist is treating a patient who sustained a complete spinal cord injury. The patient currently walks with bilateral knee-ankle-foot orthoses and forearm crutches. The patient asks the therapist about how to correctly descend 1 step. Which of the following actions is MOST appropriate for the therapist to take?

A. Instruct the patient to approach the step facing forward, lower the legs to the next step, and

then place the crutches on that step.

B. Instruct the patient to approach the step facing forward, place the crutches on the lower step,

and then lower the legs to that step.

C. Explain to the patient that descending stairs is not an appropriate goal at this time.

D. Instruct the patient to approach the step facing forward, place one crutch on the lower step,

lower the legs to that step, and then place the other crutch on that step.

B

A physical therapist is planning a 3-session educational series on physical therapy evaluation of the low back for fourth year medical students. Which of following is MOST important to include in the first session?

A. An overview of the material that will be covered in all 3 sessions

B. A pretest to determine the level of knowledge of the participants

C. Active participation of the students in a low back evaluation

D. A complete demonstration of a low back evaluation

C

A patient with which of the following diagnoses would MOST likely benefit from pursed-lip

breathing during exercise?

A. Peripheral vascular disease

B. Congestive heart failure

C. Emphysema

D. Sarcoidosis

B

A patient who had a complete spinal cord injury 1 week ago is referred to physical therapy for transfer training. The examination by the physical therapist reveals that the patient has Good (4/5) upper extremity strength, Zero (0/5) lower extremity strength, and fair sitting balance. Which of the following transfers is most appropriate to utilize INITIALLY with this patient?

A. Standing-pivot

B. Sliding-board

C. Sitting-pivot

D. 2-man dependent

D

A patient comes to physical therapy with a wound on the plantar aspect of the heel. The patient reports that the wound developed after stepping on a tack without realizing it. The wound is now round, measures 0.75 in (2 cm) in diameter, and displays no signs of infection. Which of the following initial interventions is MOST appropriate?

A. Bed rest

B. Custom molded shoe

C. Crutches with toe-touch weight-bearing

D. Total-contact casting

B

A patient has pronounced weakness of the muscles of mastication on the left. A lesion in which

of the following cranial nerves is MOST likely the cause of this impairment in the patient?

A. Trochlear (IV)

B. Trigeminal (V)

C. Facial (VII)

D. Hypoglossal (XII)

A

A physical therapist is working with a patient in phase II of a cardiac rehabilitation program. The patient's current medications include a beta blocker and antidepressants. Prior to the start of exercise, the patient's heart rate was 62 bpm, blood pressure - 110/75 mm Hg, and perceived rate of exertion - 6/20. After 10 minutes of aerobic exercise, the patient's heart rate is 68 bpm, blood pressure - 120/70 mm Hg, and perceived rate of exertion - 14/20. Which of the following initial actions is MOST appropriate for the physical therapist to take now?

A. Continue the exercise at a lower intensity.

B. Continue the exercise at a higher intensity.

C. Continue the exercise at the same intensity.

D. Stop the exercise and contact the physician.

D

A patient is receiving physical therapy for a large wound on the lower leg. Today, after 3 weeks of treatment, the wound is free of necrotic tissue, but continues to have a copious amount of exudate. Which of the following dressings is MOST appropriate for the wound?

A. Saline-saturated gauze

B. Semipermeable film

C. Gauze impregnated with zinc oxide

D. Hydrocolloid paste

C

An athlete sustained a severe inversion sprain of the right ankle while playing basketball. To provide strapping support for the ankle, pressure and support should be applied over the tendons of the:

A. flexor digitorum longus and tibialis posterior

B. gastrocnemius and flexor hallucis longus

C. peroneus longus and peroneus brevis.

D. tibialis anterior and tibialis posterior.

A

A clean well-granulating Stage II pressure ulcer with minimal serous drainage is MOST

appropriately dressed with:

A. a nonadherent dressing.

B. a packed dressing.

C. topical medication only.

D. dry-to-dry gauze.

C

patient had final approval and checkout of a permanent prosthesis 2 weeks ago. The patient now reports to the physical therapist that the prosthesis is too heavy. The patient will benefit MOST from:

135.

A. an evaluation of the

socket fit by the prosthetist.

B. a prescription from the physician for a lighter-weight prosthesis.

C. re-evaluation of hip strength by the physical therapist.

D. adding a fork strap attachment to the prosthesis.

A

A researcher who studied the effects of exercise training on balance test scores measured pre-exercise and post-exercise. Both the exercise group and the control group were randomly selected from a group of elderly adults residing in an assisted living facility. A t-test was used to compare the pre-test and post-test results. The balance scores were significantly improved in the group that performed regular exercises, but were unchanged in the control group. In deciding whether or not to incorporate these results into practice, a physical therapist who works in an adult outpatient clinic should be MOST concerned about which type of validity?

A. External

B. Internal

C. Construct

D. Statistical conclusion

C

A patient is asked to grip a white card between the thumb (1st digit) and index finger (2nd digit) with both hands. The physical therapist pulls on the card in the direction of the arrow shown. The starting and ending result of the movement is shown in the photograph. The results indicate weakness in which of the following muscles:

A. Flexor pollicis longus

B. Abductor pollicis brevis

C. Adductor pollicis

D. Extensor pollicis longus

A

A physical therapist is observing the gait of a patient with a transtibial prosthesis. The therapist observes that at heel strike (initial contact) the patient's knee is hyperextended. What is the MOST likely cause of the patient's gait deviation?

A. A heel cushion that is too soft

B. The socket is placed too far anterior to the foot

C. The prosthesis is too long

D. Inadequate suspension of the prosthesis

B

A patient presents to physical therapy with a 4-month history of low back pain. The patient has previously received therapy from other health care practitioners for this same pain, without resolution. During examination by the physical therapist, the patient reports a history of difficulty sleeping, concern that the pain will never improve, and irritability. The physical therapist should refer this patient to a:

A. social worker.

B. psychiatrist.

C. nutritionist.

D. physiatrist.

B

A patient who is 8-months pregnant has an abdominal diastasis recti with a separation of 1.5 in (4 cm). Which of the following exercises would be the MOST appropriate initial exercise for abdominal strengthening in a supine position?

A. Trunk curls

B. Hook-lying head lifts

C. Pelvic-tilt leg sliding

D. Bilateral leg lowering

A

A physical therapist is obtaining the history of a patient, during an initial evaluation. The patient reveals a 5-year history of rheumatoid arthritis. The physical therapist should expect the patient to describe pain associated with the rheumatoid arthritis as:

A. morning pain with stiffness that improves with activity.

B. pain that is worse at the beginning of an activity.

C. constant pain that lasts throughout the day.

D. pain that increases throughout the day.

C

A physical therapist is observing a patient from behind during bilateral shoulder abduction. The therapist notes that the patient's right scapula is more abducted than the left scapula at the end range of movement. The MOST likely cause of the altered scapula position on the right is:

A. tightness of the rhomboid major and minor.

B. weakness of the serratus anterior.

C. restricted motion of the glenohumeral joint

D. weakness of the upper trapezius

B

A physical therapist is evaluating a patient experiencing shoulder pain. The patient notices the shoulder pain when stocking shelves that are overhead at work. The pain is not apparent when stocking shelves at waist or chest level. The patient MOST likely has weakness in which of the following muscles?

A. Pectoralis minor

B. Upper trapezius

C. Deltoid

D. Rhomboid major

D

A physical therapist is evaluating a patient with low back pain and associated symptoms. Which

of the following findings should cause the therapist to refer the patient back to the physician?

A. Good (4/5) strength of the hamstrings

B. Pain radiating down the back of the thigh into the calf

C. Positive straight-leg test at 60° of hip flexion

D. Saddle anesthesia around the perineum

A

A physical therapist is planning to use electromyographic biofeedback to evaluate muscle activity in a patient who had a cerebrovascular accident. The therapist is monitoring activity in the patient's triceps brachii muscle. Which method of electromyographic biofeedback signal processing would give the BEST measure of the quantity of muscle activity during a planned activity?

A. Integrated

B. Full-wave rectified

C. Amplified raw

D. Low-pass filtered

C

On the first day following a patient's total knee arthroplasty, a physical therapist establishes the use of a continuous passive motion device with a setting of 0° to 40° of motion. The MOST appropriate of the following reasons to use the continuous passive motion device is to:

A. decrease length of the patient's hospital stay.

B. decrease prevalence of deep vein thrombosis in the patient.

C. regain knee flexion in the patient

D. prevent knee flexion contracture in the patient.

A

A patient presents with ptosis of the left eye, a lateral strabismus, and a dilated pupil on the left. The patient also reports double vision. Upon examination, results of which of the following cranial nerve tests is MOST likely to be abnormal?

A. Pupillary light reflex

B. Facial muscle strength

C. Jaw-jerk reflex

D. Pain sensation on the face

A

During steady rate exercise, the blood pressure in a normal person MOST typically responds

with:

A. systolic pressure increase and no change in diastolic pressure

B. no change in systolic pressure and marked decrease in diastolic pressure.

C. systolic pressure decrease and diastolic pressure increase.

D. no change in systolic pressure, until the end point of the exercise bout.

B

. A patient fell while rock climbing 2 days ago. The fall resulted in a fracture of the right ankle, requiring an open reduction internal fixation. The patient also sustained a brachial plexus injury which resulted in significant weakness in the muscles in the right C6-C7 myotome. The patient is to remain non-weight-bearing on the right. Which of the following assistive devices is MOST appropriate for this patient?

A. Axillary crutches

B. Wheelchair

C. Standard walker

D. Forearm crutches

A

A physical therapist is taking the history of a patient with low back pain. Which of the following questions is BEST for the therapist to ask, if the therapist suspects the pain is caused by an inflammatory reaction?

A. "Is your pain constant or intermittent?"

B. "What activity bothers you the most?"

C. "Is it difficult to stand up straight after you've been sitting?"

D. "Does your pain radiate down into the leg?"

D

Which of the following activities should be AVOIDED by a patient who has undergone a total hip

arthroplasty using a posterolateral approach 5 days ago?

A. Walking with a walker

B. Isometric gluteal setting exercises

C. Active hip abduction in supine

D. Crossing the legs while seated in a chair

B

A patient has a 2 week history of constant left, lower quadrant, abdominal pain that occasionally refers to the low back, pelvis, and left lower extremity. The patient also reports having a low grade fever and bloody, loose stools during the last few days. Which of the following conditions MOST likely explains the patient's signs and symptoms?

A. Kidney stones

B. Diverticulitis

C. Gallstones

D. Appendicitis

D

During the gait evaluation of a patient, the physical therapist notices that the patient laterally bends excessively towards the right side during midstance phase on the right. In order to muscle test the suspected muscle for Normal strength (5/5) the patient should FIRST be positioned:

A. prone with the knee straight

B. supine with the knee bent.

C. seated with the hip flexed to 110°.

D. sidelying on the left side.

A

During evaluation of a patient's gait, the physical therapist observes that the patient leans forward shortly after heel strike (initial contact). The patient's forward bending is MOST likely a compensation for weakness of which muscle(s)?

A. Quadriceps

B. Hamstrings

C. Gluteus maximus

D. Anterior tibialis

B

A patient reports pain and weakness when performing overhead activities and has difficulty flexing the arm past 90°. The physical therapist finds the results of the patient's impingement tests are positive without a rotator cuff tear. Which of the following interventions should the therapist introduce FIRST in the patient's rehabilitation program?

A. Closed kinetic chain strengthening of the deltoid muscle

B. Active assistive shoulder range of motion

C. Stretching the shoulder external rotator muscles

D. Strengthening of the subscapularis and teres major muscles

C

A patient is being seen by a physical therapist following a mild myocardial infarction. The goal is to increase the patient's exercise endurance for return to work. The patient is otherwise healthy and is taking propranolol (Inderal) 1 time/day. The therapist is setting the patient up on a daily home exercise program utilizing a stationary bike and treadmill walking. The therapist should teach the patient to use which of the following methods to monitor exercise intensity during exercise sessions at home?

A. Heart rate

B. Blood pressure

C. Perceived exertion

D. Respiration rate

A

Which of the following stretching techniques is BEST for addressing an anteriorly tilting pelvis that is caused by muscle shortness?

A. Prone lying with the knee bent

B. Supine with the knee bent and pulled toward the chest

C. Quadruped sitting back on the heels with arms stretched forward

D. Lying on the back with hip flexed to 90° and knee straight

D

A physical therapist is examining the hip range of motion in a patient, as shown in the photograph. Passive range of motion is applied to the patient's legs in the direction of the arrows. The photograph shows the end points of the range of motion. The MOST likely cause of the hip dysfunction occurring in the patient is:

A. hypomobility of the hip internal rotators on the left.

B. weakness of the left hip internal rotators

C. laxity of the left hip capsule.

D. tightness of the hip external rotators on the left.

C

A physical therapist is treating a patient who has shoulder pain radiating down into the elbow. The therapist applies transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, which gives initial relief, but then the pain retums. To prevent the nerve from accommodating to the stimulation, the therapist should FIRST:

A. decrease the intensity.

B. increase the pulse width.

C. switch to modulated mode.

D. change the electrodes.

A

A physical therapist is designing a rehabilitation program for a patient recently diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis. The physical therapist should anticipate that as the disease progresses, the patient is MOST likely to require:

A. special precautions for osteoporosis.

B. a wheelchair for community mobility.

C. assisted ventilation.

D. bilateral ankle-foot orthoses.

C

A physical therapist is applying electrical stimulation to a patient with a neurapraxia. To minimize

accommodation, the physical therapist should:

A. decrease the size of the stimulating electrode.

B. increase the pulse duration.

C. utilize a rapid rate of rise.

D. select a biphasic waveform.

D

Sensory-level electrical stimulation is MOST appropriate for a patient with which of the following

conditions?

A. Chronic low back pain of somatic origin

B. Acute ankle sprain with edema

C. Supraspinatus tendonitis

D. Active Raynaud's syndrome

A

While working in a private practice clinic, a physical therapist observes a patient fall in the parking lot outside the office. The patient sustains a severe laceration to the forearm. The physical therapist secures a pressure dressing to the wound site, but notes that blood is soaking through the dressing and the bandage. Which of the following actions should the therapist perform NEXT?

A. Elevate the limb and apply pressure to the wound.

B. Remove the dressing and bandage and start over with a tighter bandage.

C. Apply additional dressings and bandages and apply pressure to the brachial artery.

D. Call the patient's physician and arrange transportation for medical care.

A

A physical therapist is using a stethoscope to auscultate a patient's S1 and S2 heart sounds. Of

the following procedures, the MOST appropriate for the physical therapist to use is to apply the:

A. diaphragm of the head of the stethoscope firmly on the skin.

B. bell of the head of the stethoscope firmly on the skin.

C. diaphragm of the head of the stethoscope lightly on the skin.

D. bell of the head of the stethoscope lightly on the skin.

D

While performing transfer training from bed to chair with a patient who had a total knee arthroplasty 2 days ago, the electrocardiograph monitor alarms and the physical therapist notes that premature ventricular contractions have developed. What is the physical therapist's BEST action at this time?

A. Position the patient on a stable surface and discontinue physical therapy for the day.

B. Continue the transfer to the chair and monitor the patient's oxygen saturation levels.

C. Continue the patient's transfer to the chair and immediately notify the nurse about the

premature ventricular contractions

D. Position the patient on a stable surface and determine the stability of the premature

ventricular contractions

C

A patient with chest pain from myocardial ischemia will MOST likely exhibit:

A. increased pain upon chest-wall palpation.

B. increased pain with deep breathing.

C. relief with nitroglycerin (Nitrostat) ingestion.

D. relief with antacid ingestion

B

Which of the following subjective reports from a patient with rheumatoid arthritis indicates the

need for further medical examination by a physician?

A. Morning pain in both lower extremities

B. Numbness in both lower extremities

C. Increased pain during activities of daily living

D. Inability to sleep at night

A

To acquire specific information about the visual status of a patient following an acute cerebrovascular accident, the physical therapist should refer to what section in a physician's admission note?

A. PERRLA

B. CBC

C. Cor

D. PMH

D

A patient with Parkinson's disease demonstrates shortness of breath with activity. Which of the following tests is MOST appropriate for the physical therapist to perform to help delineate a cause for the patient's shortness of breath?

A. Deep tendon reflex testing

B. Sensory examination

C. Muscle strength testing

D. Posture examination

B

During an initial evaluation, which of the following tests is MOST appropriate to perform with a

patient who has acute right-sided congestive heart failure?

A. Sensory testing of upper extremities

B. Pitting edema measurements in the lower extremities

C. Resisted manual muscle testing of all extremities

D. Reflex testing of lower extremities

D

A physical therapist is working on progressive functional mobility with a patient who had a transverse colectomy 2 days ago. The patient has developed a low grade fever. What is the MOST appropriate examination for the physical therapist to perform, prior to continuation of the patient's intervention?

A. Heart rate

B. Blood pressure

C. Respiratory rate

D. Auscultation

A

Upon auscultation, a physical therapist hears crackles over the third intercostal space and right midclavicular line. To MOST appropriately document this finding, what region of the lung should be identified by the therapist?

A. Anterior segment of the right upper lobe

B. Superior segment of the right middle lobe

C. Apical segment of the right upper lobe

D. Inferior segment of the right middle lobe

D

In addition to standard precautions, what other precaution should a physical therapist observe

when working with a patient infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus?

A. Airbome

B. Sterile

C. Droplet

D. Contact

A

A 50 year-old patient with metabolic (insulin resistance) syndrome comes to physical therapy to initiate a conditioning program. Which of the following initial exercise prescriptions is MOST appropriate for this patient?

A. Intensity: Heart rate - 74 to 80 bpm. Frequency: 4 to 5 days/week. Duration: 30 minutes. Mode:

walking

B. Intensity: Heart rate - 105 to 115 bpm. Frequency: 2 to 3 days/week. Duration: 20 minutes.

Mode: walking.

C. Intensity: Rate of Perceived Exertion - 6 to 8 (6 to 20 scale). Frequency: 4 to 5 days/week.

Duration: 30 minutes. Mode: stationary bike.

D. Intensity: Rate of Perceived Exertion - 13 to 15 (6 to 20 scale). Frequency: 2 to 3 days/week.

Duration: 20 minutes. Mode: stationary bike.

C

A physical therapist is performing sit-to-stand transfer training with a patient in a hospital room. The patient is currently admitted for acute renal failure and has electrocardiogram monitoring in place. During the transfer training, the therapist notes new onset of 1 unsustained, unifocal premature ventricular contraction. Which of the following actions is MOST appropriate for the therapist to take at this time?

A. Discontinue transfer training and call the nurse immediately.

B. Discontinue transfer training and switch to passive range of motion exercises

C. Allow the patient to rest and continue with transfer training, while monitoring the

electrocardiogram.

D. Allow the patient to rest and measure the patient's blood pressure.

B

A patient had a split-thickness skin graft for a superficial partial-thickness burn injury to the upper extremity. The surgeon has requested range of motion exercises for the patient. Currently, the patient is able to actively move the upper extremity through one-third of range of motion for shoulder flexion. Based on this finding, what is the MOST appropriate action for the physical therapist to take at this time?

A. Defer any range of motion exercises until the patient is able to participate more actively.

B. Begin active assistive range-of-motion exercises.

C. Begin bed mobility training to facilitate increased use of the upper extremity.

D. Continue with active range-of-motion exercises.

C

A patient with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis completed a 6-minute walk test and demonstrates the following results: Total Walking Distance - 1200 ft (366 m) in 6 minutes; Heart Rate - 82 to 110 bpm (pre-test to post-test); Blood Pressure - 125/80 to 145/85 mm Hg (pre-test to post-test); Respiratory Rate - 18 to 40 (pre-test to post-test); Oxygen Saturation - 98% to 92% (pre-test to post-test); Electrocardiogram - Normal sinus rhythm throughout test. Based on these results, the physical therapist should determine that this patient has impaired:

A. aerobic capacity and endurance associated with cardiovascular pump dysfunction.

B. ventilation, respiration, and aerobic capacity associated with airway clearance dysfunction.

C. ventilation, respiration, aerobic capacity and gas exchange associated with ventilatory pump

dysfunction.

D. aerobic capacity and endurance associated with cardiovascular pump failure.

D

A patient who is currently participating in an outpatient cardiac rehabilitation program asks the physical therapist about intervention options for an apparent athlete's foot fungal infection on both of the patient's feet. The patient has been using an over-the-counter analgesic ointment for 5 days, but the condition does not seem to be improving. Which of the following actions is the correct response of the physical therapist?

A. Refer the patient back to the cardiologist.

B. Recommend an over-the-counter anti-fungal ointment.

C. Tell the patient to continue using the ointment for another 5 days and then reassess.

D. Instruct the patient to discuss the situation with a pharmacist.

B

A physical therapist is reviewing the medical record of a patient in the intensive care unit. The

patient was admitted the previous night through the emergency room, following a motorcycle accident resulting in a fractured right femur. The therapist notes a physician's order for a Doppler study of the left leg. The therapist should:

A. proceed with the evaluation and intervention without any changes.

B. hold physical therapy, until results of the study are obtained and interpreted by the physician

C. proceed with the evaluation and limit intervention to transfer to a bedside chair.

D. obtain clearance from the nurse to provide intervention for the patient

D

A physical therapist is conducting a reflex text as shown in the photograph. The starting and ending position of the test is indicated by the arrow. The results of the test are MOST likely to indicate:

A. a peripheral nerve injury.

B. a lesion of the anterior horn cells.

C. a normal response.

D. an injury to the spinal cord.

A

A 3 month-old infant presents to physical therapy with poor midline head control. Upon evaluation, the physical therapist notes facial asymmetry and observes limitation of cervical rotation to the left and cervical lateral flexion to the right in the infant. A radiology report indicates premature fusion of the infant's cranial sutures. This infant has:

A. right congenital muscular torticollis.

B. left congenital muscular torticollis.

C. right cervical facet hypomobility.

D. left cervical facet hypomobility.

D

A physical therapist evaluates a patient who has back pain and determines that the patient's pes planus is contributing to this pain. Which of the following orthotic interventions is MOST appropriate for this patient?

A. Metatarsal pad

B. Solid ankle-foot orthosis

C. Hinged ankle-foot orthosis

D. Longitudinal arch support

D

During which of the following scenarios are gloves required to comply with standard

precautions?

A. During all patient care in the hospital setting

B. Performing range of motion on a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome

C. Massaging the neck of a patient with hepatitis C

D. Changing an infant's diaper in the pediatric setting

B

A physical therapist is educating a patient on the use of a moist hot pack for home treatment. To prevent burns and still receive the benefits of superficial heat, which of the following heat application time frames is MOST appropriate for the therapist to recommend to the patient?

A. 5 to 10 minutes

B. 20 to 30 minutes

C. 45 to 60 minutes

D. 61 to 90 minutes

A

A patient comes to physical therapy via direct access for evaluation of insidious shoulder pain. Upon inspection, the physical therapist notes a yellowish color of the patient's sclera and skin. The therapist should refer this patient to a physician for probable primary dysfunction of the:

A. liver.

B. eye.

C. duodenum.

D. heart.

D

A 22 year-old patient is hospitalized awaiting a lung transplant due to cystic fibrosis. The

patient's physician is interested in an objective measure of the patient's preoperative endurance. Which of the following tests is MOST appropriate for the physical therapist to administer to this patient?

A. VO2 max treadmill test

B. 2-step test

C. Submaximal exercise test on a cycle ergometer

D. 6-minute walk test

D

A physical therapist is preparing for gait training with a young, adult patient with paraplegia.

Which of the following gait training options is MOST appropriate for the patient's first session?

A. Swing-through gait pattern with a walker

B. Swing-through gait pattern with forearm crutches

C. Swing-to gait pattern with axillary crutches

D. Swing-to gait pattern in the parallel bars

C

A patient with peripheral vascular disease presents to physical therapy for evaluation and intervention. The patient used to walk for exercise, but can no longer walk to the mailbox at the end of the driveway without experiencing leg pain. This patient will MOST likely also have:

A. relief of pain with the legs elevated.

B. purple or brown pigmentation of the skin on the legs.

C. relief of pain with the legs in the dependent position.

D. a positive Homan's sign.

A

A patient comes to physical therapy for intervention for an ulcer on the right medial malleolus. Upon inspection of the patient's legs, the physical therapist notes normal skin temperature and brownish pigmentation of the skin. The patient MOST likely also has:

A. edema.

B. diminished pedal pulse.

C. lower extremity pain with exercise.

D. hypersensitivity to cold.

B

The parent of a 4 year-old child who has myelomeningocele is interested in obtaining orthoses for the child's gait training. The child has an L1 neurological level lesion. Which of the following orthoses is the MOST appropriate selection for the physical therapist to discuss with the parent?

A. Hip-knee-ankle-foot with locked hips

B. Reciprocating-gait

C. Knee-ankle-foot with a pelvic band

D. Ankle-foot

C

A patient who sustained a right cerebrovascular accident presents with a flaccid arm. During muscle testing, the patient is able to shrug the left shoulder. The MOST accurate explanation for shoulder movement is that the right cerebrovascular accident:

A. has affected the right shoulder and not the left shoulder.

B. did not affect the vagus nerve (X), which innervates the upper trapezius muscle.

C. did not affect spinal accessory nerve (XI), which innervates the upper trapezius muscle

D. has affected the left biceps and triceps muscles, but not the deltoid muscles.

C

A physical therapist is evaluating the cranial nerves of a child who has a medulloblastoma. The child's right eye deviates medially. This child has impairment of which of the following cranial nerves?

A. Oculomotor (III)

B. Trochlear (IV)

C. Abducens (VI)

D. Vagus (X)

D

A physical therapist is examining a 9 month-old child who was born at 28 weeks gestational age.

Which of the following activities should this child be able to perform?

A. Walking independently

B. Standing independently

C. Creeping on hands and knees

D. Rolling supine to prone

A

A 90 year-old hospitalized patient was referred for physical therapy evaluation and intervention following a C1 fracture secondary to a fall. The patient describes neck pain and left knee pain, but reports no other postinjury changes in the extremities. The rehabilitation prognosis for this patient should PRIMARILY be based on:

A. prior level of function.

B. left-knee range of motion.

C. use of a cervical collar.

D. upper-extremity sensory integrity.

C

A patient with a traumatic brain injury is being discharged to home following completion of inpatient rehabilitation. Which of the following assessment tools would BEST assess the patient's potential?

A. Glasgow Outcome Scale

B. Fugl-Meyer Assessment

C. Rancho Los Amigos Levels of Cognitive Functioning Scale

D. Sickness Impact Profile

D

A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is starting to participate in a supervised

exercise program. The MOST important aspect to monitor during this exercise program is the:

A. cardiorespiratory

endurance training.

B. resistive exercise.

C. active soft-tissue stretching.

D. warm-up and cool-down intensity.

B

During gait evaluation, a physical therapist notes that a patient demonstrates a shorter step length with the right lower extremity. Which of the following problems is MOST likely the cause of this gait dysfunction?

A. Right iliopsoas contracture

B. Painful left knee

C. Decreased ankle pronation on the right

D. Left gluteus medius weakness

A

A patient is receiving mechanical intermittent cervical traction with an on/off duty cycle of 20 sec/10 sec. The patient reports increased pain each time the traction unit cycles on, which then subsides over the duration of the on time. Which of the following modifications to the duty cycle is MOST appropriate?

A. Increase the off time to

20 seconds.

B. Increase the on time to 20 seconds.

C. Decrease the off time to 5 seconds.

D. Decrease the on time to 5 seconds.

D

A patient, who had a Cs traumatic spinal cord injury 1 month ago, reports a severe, pounding headache and restlessness while standing in the parallel bars. The patient's vital signs indicate hypertension and bradycardia. The MOST appropriate immediate response of the physical therapist is to:

A. instruct the patient in deep breathing techniques.

B. apply a cervical cold pack.

C. remove the abdominal gait belt.

D. assess for catheter blockage.

B

A physical therapist is testing the deep tendon reflex of a patient, as shown in the photograph. The patient has a partial nerve injury to the tested nerve root. Which of the following reflex grades is the therapist MOST likely to find in the patient?

A. 0

B. 1+

C. 2+

D. 3+

B

During an initial physical therapy evaluation, a patient reports occasional breathlessness. Which of the following patient reports indicates the PRIMARY need for a more thorough pulmonary examination by the physical therapist?

A. There is paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.

B. The symptoms are relieved by leaning forward.

C. There has been a recent change in physical activities.

D. The breathlessness is associated with lightheadedness.