7TH MATH M-STEP VOCABULARY

proportional relationships

a connection between two quantities where the ratio between them stays the same (is constant)

Ratios

A comparison of quantities

Rates

A relationship between quantities (e.g., cups of juice per cup of cranberry juice, or cost per hour of business operation).

Constant of Proportionality (r)

the constant value (unit rate) in a proportional relationship (y/x)

Scale Factor

the ratio used to enlarge or reduce similar figures

Area

The two-dimensional space taken up by an object or shape, given in square units.

Radius

The distance from the center of a circle to any point on the circle

Equivalent Ratios

Two ratios that have the same value

Rational Numbers

Numbers, including fractions and negative numbers, that are used in addition/subtraction problems or as non-zero constants in equations.

Sum

The result of adding numbers

Number Line

A line for representing and graphing numbers. Each point on the line corresponds to a number.

Expression

A mathematical phrase that contains operations, numbers, and/or variables.

Equation

A mathematical statement showing that two expressions are equal, solved to find an unknown value.

Equivalent

Having the same value, used to describe expressions or ratios.

Inequalities

Algebraic statements that have ≠, <, >, ≤, or ≥ as their symbols of comparison.

Solution

The value(s) that satisfy an equation or inequality.

Percents

A ratio that compares a number to 100

Mean

average

Range

the difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution

Median

the middle score in a distribution; half the scores are above it and half are below it

Line Plot

a graph that shows the frequency of data along a number line

Vertical Angles

A pair of opposite congruent angles formed by intersecting lines

Linear Pair

A pair of adjacent angles whose noncommon sides are opposite rays.

Supplementary Angles

Two angles whose sum is 180 degrees

Congruent

Having the same size and shape

Right Angles

angles that measure 90 degrees

Adjacent Angles

Angles that share a common side and vertex,

Exterior Angle

An angle formed by one side of a polygon and the extension of an adjacent side

Rectangular Prism

A three-dimensional solid defined by its volume, height, and base.

Volume

The amount of space an object takes up

Base (of a prism)

one of the two congruent parallel faces of the prism

Probability

The measure of likelihood for a specific outcome, such as the arrow stopping on a labeled section of a spinner.