Intervention Modalities in Pediatric Physical Therapy

Flashcards covering intervention modalities, activity categories, and therapeutic processes in pediatric therapy based on the lecture by Dr. Amira Farag.

Consultation Process

Involves working with family and other health professionals to help clients meet their goals while ensuring private information not related to the consultation is protected.

Educational Process

The act of teaching clients, families, caregivers, and healthcare providers about activities and local leisure opportunities, such as adapted biking or wheelchair sports, to enable occupational participation.

Preparatory Methods

Interventions used at the start of therapy or in conjunction with other activities to get clients ready for purposeful activity; includes sensory input, therapeutic exercise, physical agent modalities, and orthotics.

Purposeful Activity

Goal-directed behaviors or tasks that comprise occupations where the individual is an active, voluntary participant, such as making a clay pot or a sandwich.

Simulated (Contrived) Activity

Activities used when purposeful activity is not practical or materials are unavailable, utilizing tools like clothing fastener boards or manipulation boards to mimic real-life tasks.

Occupation-Based Activity

Engaging in actual meaningful occupations within their natural context, such as a patient dressing at home or a child writing in their classroom.

Sensory Input

A preparatory technique, such as vibration or deep pressure, used to activate muscle fibers, inhibit abnormal muscle tone, or change sensory sensitivity without requiring the client to engage in activity.

Therapeutic Exercise

Controlled physical activities used to target specific muscle groups to increase strength, improve coordination, or maintain joint range of motion.

Active Range of Motion (AROM)

An exercise where the client actively moves a body part through its complete range of motion without assistance or resistive help.

Passive Range of Motion (PROM)

Movement provided by an outside force, such as a practitioner or a continuous passive motion device, because the client is unable to move the body part independently.

Physical Agent Modalities (PAMs)

Preparatory methods that use light, sound, water, electricity, temperature, and mechanical devices to bring about a response in soft tissue.

Thermal Modalities

Techniques involving heat transfer (e.g., paraffin baths, ultrasound) to decrease pain and stiffness, or cold transfer (e.g., ice packs) for treating inflammation and edema.

Electrical Modalities

Media such as Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation ($TENS$), Functional Electrical Stimulation ($FES$), and Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation ($NMES$) used to reduce edema and re-educate muscles.

Orthotics

Rigid or flexible devices designed to restrict movement, immobilize, or mobilize a body part.

Static Orthosis

A device with no moving components used to protect a joint, diminish pain, or prevent the shortening of muscles.

Dynamic Orthosis

A device that includes flexible components like elastic or springs attached to a static base to increase passive motion or enhance active motion.

Inherent Goal

The end product or outcome of an activity, such as preparing something to eat during a cooking task.

Therapeutic Goal

The underlying purpose of an activity in intervention, such as increasing safety awareness, improving self-esteem, or demonstrating problem-solving skills.

Activity Analysis

The detailed examination of the steps and components of an activity to determine the specific demands placed on the client.

Activity Synthesis

The process of using an occupational profile and activity analysis to develop a plan that assists the client in mastering skills or restoring deficits.

Grading

The process of changing an activity's environment, tools, or process to increase or decrease performance demands based on a client's level.

Adapting

Changing an aspect of the activity or environment, often using assistive technology, to enable successful performance and achieve a therapeutic goal.

Low-Technological Devices

Assistive devices without electronic components, such as a universal cuff, plate guard, or pencil grips.

High-Technological Devices

Assistive devices with electronic components, such as augmentative communication equipment or power wheelchairs.