Canadian History and Expansion Practice Flashcards

Flashcards covering key terms, dates, and historical figures from Canadian history, expansions, and governance structures as discussed in the lecture.

Numbered Treaties

Agreements between the Canadian government and First Nations, signed between 1871 and 1877, that transferred land rights in exchange for certain provisions.

1837 Rebellion Exiles

Papineau and Mackenzie, who were exiled to the U.S. following the rebellions of 1837.

Guy Carleton

A governor appointed by a British monarch who worked on constitutional law and arranged for land for wealthy loyalists.

Manitoba's Entry to Confederation

Manitoba joined Confederation in 1870.

The Quebec Act

A piece of legislation that angered the colonists of the 13 colonies.

Dominion Lands Act

Legislation that facilitated the distribution of land in the West to settlers, often requiring them to pay a registration fee.

Legislative Council (Pre-Responsible Government)

Before responsible government, members of this council were appointed into their positions.

Manifest Destiny

The idea that all of North America should belong to the U.S.

Federal System (Government Role)

Managing the division of powers and responsibilities between federal and provincial levels, ensuring governance and public policy across the nation.

Responsible Government

A system of government that is kept accountable by the electorate.

British North America Act

The act that created the Dominion of Canada.

Alberta and Saskatchewan (1905)

Provinces created with constitutions similar to Ontario, though the federal government retained control over Crown lands.

Louis Riel

Considered a founding father of Manitoba.

Chinese Head Tax

A fee imposed on Chinese immigrants that started at $50$ and was raised over time to make entry into Canada difficult.

Dominion of Canada Creation Date

The act creating the Dominion was passed on July 1, 1867.

CPR Laborers

The primary laborers on the CPR were Chinese laborers, who often worked in dangerous conditions for lower wages.

Suffrage

The right to vote in political elections, which is a key aspect of democratic participation.

Lord Durham's Recommendation

Following the rebellions, he recommended uniting Upper Canada and Lower Canada into one colony.

Tariffs

Taxes imposed on imported goods used to protect domestic industries and generate revenue for the government.

Family Compact

The group that ruled Upper Canada under the Constitutional Act, 1791.

Dominion Lands Survey

A system established in the 19th century used to divide land in Canada into townships and sections for settlement.

Earl of Selkirk

Also known as Thomas Douglas.

Urbanization

The increasing population shift from rural areas to urban centers, resulting in the growth of cities.

Governor Miles Macdonell

Hired by Lord Selkirk to bring Scottish immigrants to his new colony; he also issued the Pemmican Proclamation.

John Ware

A former slave from the United States who moved to Alberta in 1882 and started his own ranching operation eight years later.

Chief Big Bear

An Indigenous leader accused of treason against Canada after the North West Rebellion.

William Lyon Mackenzie

A newspaper owner who used his paper to argue for responsible government in Upper Canada.