Period 7

Foreign Policy

government strategy in dealing with other governments

foreign policy prior to 1890s

Washington- isolation (farewell address)

Monroe- Monroe doctrine- not completely isolated, just in their areas

causes of imperialism

economic- industrial growth= new markets

military- expanded global markets (new trade routes) needed protection (NAVY)

political- competition for global power (increased nationalism)

societal ideology- Social darwinism: strong overthrow poor

white man’s burden: spread western culture over the world

US declares war

yellow journalism (exagerated stories) made it seem like Cuba was in concentration camps under Spanish rule

send navy → USS Maine explodes → blame Spanish → Mikinley asks for dec. of war

end of war

4 months, 400 deaths

TREATY OF PARIS 1898: Spain freed Cuba, Guam and Puerto Rico to the USA

-USA paid for Philippine Islands

OVERSEAS EMPIRE

platt amendment

USA could intervene and protect Cuba whenever they see fit (forced into Cuba’s Constitution)

-Cuba resented USA for this → Fidel Castro

Philippine War

Mikinley chose to keep the islands, not granting them independance (same as Spain)

-Filipinos fought and rose up but USA crushed them

ANTI imperialist league

organized to fight the annexation of Philippines

-thought it was un'-American & un-democratic and we should focus on our issues

food safety in progressive era

unregulated meat/food/drugs & no labels → FDA and meat inspection established

city life in progressive era

dangerous tenements and poverty → tenement safety law, helping immigrants adjust with settlements w/ childcare and English classes

working conditions in progressive era

low wages, child labor, dangerous conditions →safety laws, wage and hour improvments

NOT A LOT OF CHILD LABOR IMPROVEMENTS

enviornment in progressive era

land and resources were being depleted due to big buisness→ National Parks, public land (Teddy Roosevelt)

Racial Equity

lynching, poor protection/education → segregation is allowed (plessy v ferg) no lynching laws despite NAACP

corruption

monoplies, high prices, political corruption → sherman antitrust (dividing companies), directly elect senators (17th), income tax aimed at rich (16th)

temperance

alcohalism → banned alcohal making it worse and repealed it

Womens rights

couldn’t vote but could still work and contribute but had no say → 19th but black women couldn’t vote and women who could voted same as husbands

WWI context

-competition between Eurupean powers (esp. Great Britian & Germany)- competed for military and political dominance at home and carved up Africa

-1914 a Serbian Nationalist assinated ARCH DUKE FERDINAD so Austria declared War on Serbia

-IMPERIALISM, NATIONALISM, ALLIANCES

The Great War- The War to End All Wars

-settled into a prolonged stalemate w/ bloody, indecisive battles (trench warfare)

-NEW TECH: machine guns, tanks, poison gas, airlines

Woodrow Wilson

most of America was isolated and he was reelected on the promise to keep us out (DIDNT)

US entry into war

unrestricted submarine warfare: sunk LUISTANIA- killing innocent americans

Zimmerman Telegram- Britian intercepted a letter to Mexico from Germany requesting an alliance (Mexico invades US, Germany will help get Mexican Cession back)

-Britian sends it to Wilson→ he makes it public for ppl support war → Congress declares war

impact on the homefront

USA became a superpower

-shaped modern America= conscription(draft), increase federal income tax, mass propaganda, FBI created (more national security), women’s sufferage