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“hapless soldier’s sigh Runs in blood down palace walls” - London - Narrative (Story)*
T - Personification: ‘Blood on palace’
E - People in charge are careless - Soldiers and people are dying
Z - Oxymoron - “hapless solider’s”
E - Hapless means useless but in reality, soliders are very helpful - Shows how everyone became a soldier, regardless. (Even kids - they suffer aswell)
Context - British Empire: They are careless of their society and who they are ruling

“The mind-forged manacles I hear” - London*
T - Volta
E - People are possessed and manipulated because they are unaware that they are controlled
Z - Symbolism - “manacles”
E - They are struggling and suffering both mentally and physically
Context: British Empire - They are so careless towards their soldiers

“Marks in every face I meet / Marks of weakness, marks of woe” - London*
T - Anaphora: ”Marks”
E - Shows the struggle and pain they are going through
Z - Hyperbole: “In ever face I meet”
E - Shows that everyone is struggling and has been impacted
Context - British Empire: They mistreat the people they rule

“(since none puts by The curtain I have drawn for you, but I)” - MLD - Dramatic Monologue*
T - Juxtaposition
E - Shows his insecurities - he feels poweful for hiding his wife (not tuff lad)
Z - Foreshadow
E - Shows how the Duchess has power over him - Duke will not be able to forget her
Context: Patriarchy - Power of a man: Careless but she still haunts his thoughts

“E’en then would be more stooping; and I choose Never to stoop” - MLD*
T - Sibilance: sounds scornful (He thinks he is the best - VinVin)
E - ‘Stoop’: Shows how he expects the Duchess to know how to act
Z - Enjambement: His feelings are taking over (anger)
E - He is not over her and she was not worthy enough for him
Context: Patriarchy - Shows a man of power - Ideal man at the time

“Then all smiles stopped together.” - MLD*
T - Symbolism: ‘together’
E - All ended together - Shows Duke’s jealousy so he murdered
Z - Caesara - Full stop
E - Shows how her life ended short - Was not meant to die
Context - Patriarchy - Power of man: Unbothered for her happiness

“Bullets smacking the belly out of the air - “ Bayonet Charge (BC) - Form: Epic (Event)*
T - Personification “the belly out of the air”
E - Battlefield always active - Need to be alert at all times
Z - Verb: ‘Smacking’
E - Sounds aggressive and forceful - Portrays reality of war
Context - Patriarchy: The suffering you go through in order for your country

“In bewilderment then he almost stopped - “ BC*
T - Volta: ‘bewilderment’
E - His plans backfired - Started to question themselves (Loki)
Z - Juxtaposition: his actions go against patriarchy
E - He has changed since joining war - Self awareness kicked in
Context - Patriarchy: Goes against it as he prioritises himself now

“King, honour, human dignity, etcetera Dropped like luxuries in a yelling alarm” BC*
T - Listing: Showed what he initially went war for
E - Propaganda: Influenced by beliefs but then got awareness after - He did a mistake
Z - Simile: He abandoned everything he was fighting for
E - He thinks about himself more - Woken up - Life matters more
Context - Patriarchy: Shows how he is self aware now - Doesn’t care about the country

“Well myself and somebody else and somebody else are all of the same time” - Remains (Narrative)*
T - Juxtaposition: he goes against the idea of war
E - War is partnerships - He has no idea who his comrade is - False Image
Z - Symbolism: Adapted to the nature of war
E - They have been fully brainwashed of killing but when they reflect, PTSD kicks in
Context - Patriarchy: He’s always on duty but suffers after

“Blink” “Sleep” “Dream” - Remains*
T - Semantic field of relaxed
E - Soldier can’t relax because he is impacted by his actions - PTSD
Z - Foreshadow: Shows his potential downfall
E - He is constantly suffering - If he gives up -> Suicide
Context - Patriarchy: Led to his downfall

“he’s here in my head when I close my eyes / dug in behind enemy lines” - Remains*
T - Personification: Negatively impacted
E - “Dug” sounds strong and hard to get out
Z - Volta: His mind is controlling him now - No more commands
E - He’s fully driven by his thoughts - Unable to forget
Context - Patriarchy: Left him thinking about his time in war - PTSD

“a shaven head full of powerful incantations” - Kamikaze - Epic*
T - Metaphor: ‘powerful incantations’
E - The war took over him - He’s tamed by propaganda
Z - Symbolism: ‘shaven head’
E - War controls everything about their people - Dehumanised - Cannot think for themselves
Context - Propaganda: The expectations should always be followed - They were EXPECTED to be bald

“my mother never spoke again in his presence” - Kamikaze*
T - Volta: No one expected him to return
E - They are not pleased that he came back - Society believes he should have died for his country
Z - Juxtaposition: ‘mother’ - Usually associated with love and warmth
E - “never spke again”: Propaganda have brainwashed them - Destroyed relationships
Context - Propaganda: Controlled the views of people and what to follow

“he must’ve wondered which had been the better way to die” - Kamikaze*
T - Juxtaposition: ‘better’ and ‘die’
E - Soldiers head has been corrupted - Psychologically impacted
Z - Symbolism: Honour v.s Shame
E - Dying for the country is regarded more honourable but if you return due to self awareness, you are in shame for it
Context - Propaganda: Dying as a kamikaze is better than living life

'“Nothing beside remains.” - Ozymandias - Sonnet - Shelley
T - Volta
E - Illustrates the sense of emptiness and decay since his work has been erased - shows that power is temporary
Z - Irony
E - Reinforces the poems purpose - nature will always be merciless and stronger against man-kind
Context: Freud:id. - Worships his ambition, and it led to his downfall

‘My name is Ozymandias, king of kings’ - Ozymandias
T - Juxtaposition
E - Claims he is a god-like figure, yet he has been defeated
Z - Hyperbole
E - Believes he is unstoppable but he has been demolished through nature
Context: Freud:id - Claims he should be worshiped, yet he has been destroyed

‘a shattered visage lies’ - Ozymandias
T - Adjective - ‘shattered’
E - His legacy and statue has decayed due to time
Z - Irony - 'visage’
E - He wanted to be remembered, yet power and time has fully destroyed it, making his legacy powerless
Context: Freud:id - him being driven by power has led to nowhere, due to nature

‘(led by her)’ - The Prelude - Epic poem
T - Personification
E - Nature has convinced and welcomed the speaker
Z - Verb - led’
E - Nature should be appreciated and admired rather than dominated
(CONTEXT ALL - Freud - id: Consequences of following your desires)

'troubled pleasure, nor without the voice Of mountain-echoes did my boat move on’ - The Prelude
T- Oxymoron - 'troubled pleasure’
E - Speakers knows he is doing bad but he appreciates nature - Enjoyment vs Fear
Z - Personification
E - Makes nature alive, illustrating that nature dominates

‘A huge peak, black and huge / I struck and struck again’ - Prelude
T - Repetition
E - He’s befuddled when he is describing the dominance of nature
Z - Volta
E - Illsutrates the dominance nature possesses - eventually he got PTSD

'“Into the valley of Death” - Charge Of The Light Brigade - Epic
T - Foreshadowing
E - Shows the fate of the soldiers before it has even began - creates tension
Z - Symbolism ‘Death’
E - Illustrates the brutality of war and their outcomes

‘Theirs not to make reply, Theirs not to reason why, Theirs but to do and die:’ - COTLB
T - Anaphora
E - Soliders have no freedom and have been fully controlled into doing what’s told
Z - Juxtaposition
E - “reason” “die” shows how they have no say with what they have been told to do - they are fully consumed by propaganda

“While horse and hero” - COTLB
T - Volta
E - The soldiers have began to die
Z - Juxtaposition
E - They are not dying ‘heros’’, they have died due to a wrong command - ignore reality

‘Our brains ache, in the merciless iced east winds that knive us…’ - Exposure - Narrative
T - Sibilance
E - Creates the ‘stabbing’ and ‘suffering’ tone which shows their circumstances
Z - Enjambement
E - Portrays the endless suffering, and how the pain is not stopping
(Context - consequences of patriarchy)

‘But nothing happens’ - Exposure
T - Anaphora
E - Constant repetition portrays their waiting game and the fustration of waiting
Z - Symbolism ‘Nothinhg’
E - Complete emptiness - also shows the psychologically states which soldiers had

‘the mad gusts tugging on the wire’ - Exposure
T - Personification
E - Makes wind seem aggressive and uncontrollable, creating sense of chaos
Z - Pathetic Fallacy
E - The weather portrays the soldiers headspace and their mental state

“We are prepared / It is a huge nothing we fear“ - SOTI
T - Juxtaposition
E - Endless waiting left them to absolutely nothing
Z - Cyclical
E - Uncertainty from the start to the end shows the mental torment

“listen to the thing you fear Forgetting that if pummels your house too“ - SOTI
T - Direct address
E - Everyone is effected and it should been taken lightly
Z - Epic form
E - It sounds violent and the lack of security

“we just sit tight while wind dives“ - SOTI
T - Sibilance
E - The sinister and suffering tone which portrays the peoples states
Z - Personification
E - Wind is just like an enemy and effects them, just like how the soldiers do

“I wanted to graze my nose across the tip of your nose'“ - Poppies - Epic
T - Symbolism
E - Full of love and shows what she once had - shows the corruption of war
Z - Verb ‘graze’
E - Gentle and Calm portraying how war fully contrasts and neglects the warmth

“I was brave as I walked with you, to the front door” - Poppies
T - Flashback
E - Shows how it’s a significant moment for him
Z - Adjective ‘brave’
E - Had to show the courage of letting her son go - not guaranteed of him returning

“The dove pulled freely against the sky, an ornamental stick” - Poppies
T - Volta
E - Mother accepts that he has died and how her thoughts are exposed
Z - Verb ‘pulled’
E - It is forceful and intentional, which shows how the human life is shaped

“his hands which did not tremble then though seem to now“ - War Photographer - Narrative
T - Juxtaposition
E - Change in behaviour which mimics the effects of the war
Z - Emjambment
E - Illustrates how his terrors flow endlessly and is uncontrollable

“A stranger’s features faintly start to twist before his eyes'“ - WP
T - Foreshadowing
E - The eventual downfall of the photographer since he’s keep seeing these dead bodies - PTSD
Z - Verb ‘twist’
E - They are moving within his mind, which could portray the effects it has on him

'“A hundred agonies in black and white” - WP
T - Metaphor “hundred”
E - Illustrates there are so many - there is an endless amount of gore within war
Z - Symbolism
E - ‘Black and White’ implies not only the pictures but also his mind since the pictures are no etched onto his memories permenantly

“Maps too. The sun shines through their borderlines“ - Tissue -
T - Caesura
E - Emphasises the borders and the separation which humans had made - shows the artificial and insignificant the divisions are
Z - Symbolism ‘sun’
E - The light shining through shows how the map should be meaningless and how nature should control how we are seperated

“Fine slips from the grocery shops / might fly our lives like paper kites“ - Tissue
T - Simile
E - You should stop dividing yourself due to where you are from
Z - Verb ‘fly’
E - It controls our lives and we are constantly chasing that

“with living tissue, raise a structure never meant to last“ - Tissue
T - Juxtaposition ‘never meant to last’
E - All the effort created in order for us to still go down
Z - Metaphor 'living tissue’
E - humanity is like a material suggesting that empires or systems made of man kind can be easily destroyed

“The worst news I receive of it cannot break my original view.” - Emigree - Epic
T - Juxtaposition
E - ‘worst news’ and ‘original view’ contrasts the the harsh reality of the country
Z - Enjambment
E - There is a flow of emotion and that this situation has been happening for long

“like a hollow doll, opens and spills a grammar” - Emigree
T - Simile 'hollow doll’
E - It is dehumanised and empty inside
Z - Symbolism ‘grammar’
E - No one understands what she's trying to say

“They accuse me of absence, they circle me'“ Emigree
T - Volta
E - She is being oppressed and threatened by her own land and her own people
Z - Foreshadows
E - Shows her downfall and how this land no longer is suitable for her

“Bandage up me eye “ - COMH - Free verse
T - Symbolism ‘bandage’
E - They hide and blind who he is and where he is from which makes the government and land more powerful and dominant
Z - Juxtaposition
E - His own culture has been used against him

“Dem tell me” - COMH
T - Colloquial language (write like how u talk)
E - He shows his identity and is claiming back the power which he deserves
Z - Verb ‘tell’
E - He flips the script which shows how he has had enough and how he will now talk about his views

“I carving out me identity'“
T - Verb ‘carving’
E - It is a powerful action since he has to find his own way and identity
Z - Foreshadowing
E - He will not accept what he has been taught, rather he will be able to teach and educate himself purely