Microbiology Chapter 4 (ARCHAEA)

What features do they share in common with Eukarya?

• replication

• transcription

• translation

What features do they share in common with bacteria?

metabolism

What elements are unique to archaea?

• unique rRNA gene structure

• methanogenesis (only ones that can make methane gas)

Archaea like to grow in what type of environment

anaerobic, hypersaline, pH extremes, high-temperatures. They love extreme environments

what is archaea’s hydrophobic portion of cell membrane?

isoprene units

what type of linkages do archaeal membranes have

ether linkages , therefore making it more stable.

what types of membrane layer can they have?

monolayer only in extreme environments

Bilayer only in “normal” environments

mix of both in a mix of environments

what is pseudomurein

• “fake wall”

• Sugars: NAT and NAG

• all L-peptides, no D-amino acids

• bonded with beta(1,3) glycosidic bonds

what differs from archaea cell envelope to bacteria cell envelope?

Archaea have no peptidoglycan. They can have pseudomurein

what is the only archaea species to have an outer membrane?

Ignicoccus