Animal diversity 2
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17 Terms
Deuterostomes
A group that includes humans, other chordates, acorn worms, and sea stars.
Hemichordata
A phylum of deuterostomes that includes acorn worms, characterized by a mouth on a proboscis and presence of pharyngeal slits.
Echinodermata
A phylum that includes sea stars and sea urchins, known for their fivefold symmetry and water vascular system.
Chordata
A phylum that includes vertebrates and closely related invertebrate animals, characterized by a notochord and a dorsal nerve cord.
Pharyngeal slits
Openings that are part of the pharynx in both hemichordates and chordates, forming gills in fish.
Notochord
A rod of collagen and proteins that provides support in chordates, replaced by the vertebral column in vertebrates.
Tunicates
A subphylum of chordates, filter-feeding marine animals that have a unique adult form but share key chordate features during early development.
Amniotic egg
An egg adapted to terrestrial life, featuring a desiccation-resistant shell and membranes for gas exchange.
Monotremes
A group of mammals that lay eggs and secrete milk from skin pores, such as the platypus.
Marsupials
Mammals like kangaroos that give birth to underdeveloped young which continue to develop in a pouch.
Placental mammals
Mammals that give birth to more developed young, nourished during gestation via a placenta.
Chondrichthyes
Cartilaginous fish, including sharks and rays, characterized by a skeleton made of cartilage.
Osteichthyes
Bony fish that have a cranium and jaws, and their bones are mineralized by calcium phosphate.
Lobe-finned fish
Fish with paired pectoral and pelvic fins, including coelacanths and lungfish, closely related to terrestrial vertebrates.
Vertebral column
The series of bones that make up the spine, unique to vertebrate animals.
Water vascular system
A network of fluid-filled canals in echinoderms that aids in locomotion and nutrient transport.
Fivefold symmetry
A distinctive feature of echinoderms, where the body is organized into five parts around a central axis.