Roots, Stems, Prefixes, and Suffixes

allo-

Other, different from normal

intra-

Within, inside

ante-

Before

iso-

Equal, same, similar

anti-

Against

lopho-

Crest, tuft, ridge, comb

apical

Relating to/ denoting the apex

macro-

Large

apo-

Away from

meso-

Middle, intermediate, between

aster-

Star

micro-

Small

auto-

Self

mono-

One, single, alone

avi-

Bird/ relating to flight

morph-

Form, shape, structure

basal

Base

myo-

Muscle

-brachi

Arm

nephr-

Kidney

-branch

gills

nocturnal

Active at night

cardio-

Heart

noto-

Back

chaeto-

Hair

octo-

Eight

chrondr-

Cartilage

oligo-

Few, little, scanty

con-

With, together

opistho-

Back, behind, rear

counter-

Against, opposite, contrary

os-

Bone

-cyte

Cell

pan-

All, every, whole, all inclusive

deutero-

Second/ secondary

para-

Beside, alongside, near

di-

Two, double, twice

patr-

Father

ecto-

Outer, external

peri-

Around, about, near, enclosing

endo-

Within, internal

platus-

Broad, wide, flat

-pod

Foot

entero-

Relating to intestines

poly-

Many, much, multiple

epi-

Upon, over, on

post-

After, behind, later than

eu-

Good, well, pleasant

proso-

Forward, in front, toward

eury-

Wide, broad

proto-

First, original, earliest

gnath-

Jaw

pseudo-

False, fake, sham, pretending

-haline

Salt, saline

ptero-

Wing, feather

halo-

Salt, sea

pulmo-

Lung

helminth

Parasitic worm

sapro-

Rotten, putrid, decaying

hem-

Blood

schizo-

Split, division

hemi-

Half

steno-

Narrow, close, small

hepato-

Liver

stoma-

Mouth, opening

hetero-

Other, different, dissimilar

sub-

Under, below, beneath

hexa-

Six, sixfold

super-

Above, over, beyond

holo-

Whole, entire

sym-

Together with, alike, same

homeo-

Same, like, similar

tetra-

Four

homo-

Same, identical, equal

-thermal

Relating to heat

hydro-

Water

tri-

Three

infra-

Below, beneath, under

-troph

Nourishment, food, feeding

inter-

Between

zo-

Animal, living being

Porifera

Pore bearing

Cnidaria

Stinging nettle

Ctenophora

Comb bearing

Platyhelminthes

Flat, soft-bodied worm

Placozoa

Flat animal

Nematoda

Thread-like

Mollusca

Soft-bodied

Annelida

Little ring

Kinorrhyncha

Movable snout

Loricifera

Corset bearer

Onychophora

Claw bearer

Rotifera

Wheel bearing/ animal

Entoprocta

Anus inside

Gastrotricha

Stomach hair

Echinodermata

Spiny skin

Chordata

Chord vertebrae

Chaetognatha

Hair/ bristle jaw