ch.25-bleeding

aorta

the main artery that receives blood from left ventricle and delivers to other arteries

arterioles

smallest branch of arteries leading to network of capillaries

artery

blood vessel that consists of 3 layers of tissue and smooth muscle

-carries blood away from heart

capillaries

small blood vessels that connect arterioles and venules

coagulation

formation of clots to plug openings in injured blood vessels and stop blood flow

contusion

a bruise from an injury that causes bleeding beneath the skin w/o breaking the skin

ecchymosis

a buildup of blood beneath the skin producing blue/black discoloration as a result of injury

hematemesis

the vomiting of blood

hematoma

a mass of blood that has collected within damaged tissue beneath the skin or body cavity

hematuria

blood in the urine

hemophilia

hereditary condition in which the pt lacks one or more of the blood’s normal clotting factors

hemoptysis

the coughing up of blood

hemorrhage

bleeding

hemostatic dressing

a dressing w/ a chemical compound that slows or stops bleeding by helping with clot formation

hypoperfusion

a condition in which the circulatory system fails to provide sufficient circulation to maintain normal function; shock

hypovolemic shock

condition in which low blood volume, due to internal bleeding/ water loss results in adequate perfusion

junctional tourniquet

device that provides proximal compression of severe bleeding near axial or inguinal junction w/ the torso

melena

dark, foul-smelling, tarry stool containing digested blood

open-book pelvic fracture

life-threatening fracture of the pelvis caused by a force that displaces one or both sides of the pelvis laterally and posteriorly

pelvic binder

a device to split the bony pelvis to reduce hemorrhage from bone ends, venous disruption, and pain

vasoconstriction

narrowing of a blood vessel, such as w/ hypo perfusion or cold extremities

veins

blood vessels that carry blood from the tissues to the heart

venules

small, thin-walled blood vessels