Religion: Key Concepts and Definitions for Social and Theological Studies

Religion

A set of attitudes, beliefs, and practices usually focused on the worship of one or more divine beings.

Sect

Subgroup of a religion with slightly different beliefs than the main group.

Monotheistic

Worship of one god.

Polytheistic

Worship of many gods.

Non-Theistic

No gods yet no rejection of divinity's existence.

Ethnic Religion

Handled down via generation, no attempt to recruit.

Universalizing Religion

Attractive universally, actively seeking new members.

Syncretic Religion

Blending of diverse religions into a new system.

Hearth

Origin of an ideal innovation (religion).

Diaspora

When people of a culture/religion are dispersed.

Proselytize

Including someone to convert to one's faith.

Secularism

Separation of religion from civil affairs.

Theocracy

Form of government in which a deity is recognized as the supreme authority.

Fundamentalism

Religious movement centered by conformity to a religious text.

Religious Extremism

Intolerant expression of conformity to a religious text, usually violent.

Pilgrimage

Journey to sacred places of religious significance.

Sacred Space

Areas recognized by loyalty, esteem, and protection.