Statistics Identification Quiz Practice

Vocabulary flashcards based on the Identification section of the Statistics Quiz, covering basic concepts, measures of central tendency, dispersion, distribution shape, and graphical representations.

Population

The entire set of individuals, objects, or measurements of interest in a study.

Sample

A subset of the population selected for analysis.

Variable

A characteristic or attribute that can take different values.

Parameter

A value that describes a population, such as $\mu$ or $\sigma$.

Statistic

A value that describes a sample, such as $\bar{x}$ or $s$.

Qualitative Data

The type of data measured in labels or categories without numerical meaning.

Mean

The average of a set of values, obtained by dividing the sum by the number of observations.

Median

The middle value when data are arranged in order.

Mode

The most frequently occurring value in a data set.

Range

The difference between the highest and lowest values.

Variance

The measure of spread equal to the average of squared deviations from the mean.

Standard Deviation

The positive square root of variance.

Central Tendency

The tendency of values to cluster around a central point.

Skewness

The measure of asymmetry in a distribution.

Kurtosis

The measure of flatness or peakedness in a distribution.

Coefficient of Variation

The measure of relative variability computed as $(s/\text{mean}) \times 100\%$.

Mean Absolute Deviation / Average Deviation

The weighted average of deviations from the mean without squaring.

Histogram

The graphical tool that uses bars touching each other to represent frequencies of continuous data.

Ogive

A graph constructed from cumulative frequencies to estimate medians and percentiles.

Frequency Distribution Table

The frequency distribution table showing data arranged into classes with corresponding tallies and frequencies.