crim 5- finals

Restorative Justice

A principle focused on resolving conflicts by involving the victim, the offender, and the community. It seeks to reconcile everyone involved and reassure the offender that they can be reintegrated into society

Best Interest of the Child

This refers to providing the conditions most beneficial for a child's survival, protection, and security, while encouraging their physical and emotional development

Juvenile Justice and Welfare System

The overall system that deals with children at risk and children in conflict with the law. It provides child-appropriate proceedings, including diversion and aftercare

Child

Any person under the age of 18 years.

Child at risk

A child vulnerable to committing crimes due to their circumstances. This includes children who are
Abused, exploited, abandoned, or neglected.

• From dysfunctional families or are out of school.

• Street children or members of a gang.

• Living in communities with high crime/drug use or in armed conflict zones.

Child in Conflict with the Law (CICL)

A child who is alleged, accused, or adjudged to have committed an offense under Philippine laws.

Initial Contact

The moment a child is first taken into custody by law enforcement or private citizens.

Intervention

A series of activities (counseling, education, skills training) designed to address the root causes of why a child committed an offense.

diversion

An alternative process that determines responsibility without going to formal court.

diversion program

The specific program a child must undergo once they are found responsible for an offense through the diversion process.

recognizance

An agreement where a parent or guardian takes responsibility for ensuring the child appears in court when required, instead of paying a cash bond

deprivation of Liberty

Any form of detention, imprisonment, or placement in a custodial setting where the child is not allowed to leave at will.

Status Offense

Acts that are only considered offenses because the person is a child (e.g., curfew violations, truancy, or parental disobedience)

Victimless Crimes

Offenses where there is no specific private party who was offended.

Youth Detention Home

It is a 24-hour child-caring institution managed by accredited local government units (LGUs) or licensed NGOs. It provides short-term residential care for children in conflict with the law (CICL) who are awaiting court disposition of their cases.

Bahay Pag-asa

It is specifically defined as a 24-hour child-caring institution. It is used for short-term residential care for children in conflict with the law (CICL) while they wait for the court to dispose of their cases.

RA 10630

It increased penalties for adults who use, abuse, or induce children to commit crimes.

bail

This is the security (money, property, or a bond) given to ensure a person in custody is released but will still appear in court when required

offense

Any act or omission punishable by law

law enforcement officer

This includes anyone in authority or their agents, and explicitly mentions that a barangay tanod is included in this definition

Court

Under this law, this specifically refers to a Family Court. If one isn't available in a certain area, any Regional Trial Court can serve this role

Community-based Programs

These are programs specifically developed in a local setting for intervention, diversion, and the eventual reintegration of the child back into their family.

youth rehabilitation center

A 24-hour facility (managed by DSWD or NGOs) providing long-term treatment and rehabilitation to help children become socially functioning individuals again