L 3 Le Chatelier's Principle

What does Le Chatelier's Principle state about a chemical system at equilibrium when disturbed?

The system will shift to oppose the change until a new equilibrium is reached.

In the Haber process, what reactants are used to produce ammonia?

Nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas.

What is the small Kc value of the Haber process at 500 degrees?

6 x 10^-2.

How does adding a reactant affect the equilibrium position?

It shifts the equilibrium to the right to favor product formation.

In terms of equilibrium, what does it mean to 'shift to the right'?

It means that products are favored and their concentration increases.

What happens to the equilibrium if a product is removed?

The system will shift to the right to increase the production of that product.

What does collision theory explain regarding changes in concentration?

Increasing the concentration of a reactant increases the likelihood of effective collisions.

Why are solids and liquids not included in Kc expressions?

Their concentrations do not change and do not affect the equilibrium position.

How is temperature related to equilibrium and Kc?

The value of Kc is temperature dependent.

In an endothermic reaction, how is energy treated?

As a reactant, which the system will favor when added.

In an exothermic reaction, what happens when the system is cooled?

The system shifts to the right to favor product production.

How does adding an inert gas affect equilibrium?

It does not shift the equilibrium because it does not affect the concentrations of participating gases.

What is the effect of increasing the pressure in a system with fewer gas particles on one side?

The system shifts to the side with fewer gas particles to reduce pressure.

What effect does adding a catalyst have on equilibrium?

A catalyst increases both forward and reverse reaction rates but does not shift the equilibrium position.

What shifts the equilibrium of an endothermic system to favor products?

Increasing the temperature.

For a reaction with one particle on the left and two particles on the right, what pressure condition favors product yield?

Low pressure.

When hemoglobin binds oxygen, which side of the equilibrium is favored?

The side with oxygen bound to hemoglobin.

Which statement is true about the addition of a solid to an equilibrium?

It does not affect the equilibrium position.

How does the principle of Le Chatelier apply to the removal of hydrogen chloride in the Freon production reaction?

The system shifts to the right to increase the production of hydrogen chloride.