KINE 223 Reading Quiz #2

Health

a state of physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

Wellness

an active process by which people become aware of, and make choices toward, a more successful existence.

8 Dimensions of Wellness

Physical, Emotional, Intellectual, Social, Spiritual, Occupational, Environmental, Financial.

Distracted Driving

inattention awareness.

Leading Causes of Death

cardiovascular disease (#1).

Biometrics

physical characteristics of your body that are measured and tracked over time.

Average RHR for adults

60-100 beats per minute.

Scientific Literacy

having some understanding of scientific knowledge and the ability to analyze explanations and propose ways to investigate questions about natural phenomena.

Independent variable

is manipulated, or changed, by the researcher.

Dependent variable

is measured, or tested, by the researcher.

Gold Standard

A randomized clinical trial (RCT).

Longitudinal study

cohort studies, which select participants based on a certain criterion such as birthplace or exposure to an intervention and retrospective studies, which examine participants' historical information such as medical records.

Systematic Review

provide the most comprehensive source of information on any researched topic.

Infodemic

too much information including false or misleading information in digital and physical environments during a disease outbreak.

Stress

nonspecific response of the body to any demand.

Stressor

to differentiate between the response (stress) and the stimulus (stressor).

Distress

a stress response from negative or unpleasant stressors.

Eustress

resulted from positive stimulating factors.

Human Function Curve

shows the transition from improved performance to exhaustion under the influence of the two types of stress.

ANS

controls our nervous system

Parasympathetic nervous system

one of the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system

Sympathetic nervous system

the other division of the autonomic nervous system

CBT

helps people to identify and change destructive or disturbing thought patterns that have a negative influence on their behavior and emotions

Depression

involves worsening signs and symptoms that last for at least two weeks; sadness does not

FITT

Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type (of activity)

PAGA

Physical Guideline of Americans (how much exercise they should get a week)

VO2 max

the maximum amount of oxygen that the body can use during intense exercise, reflecting the aerobic capacity of the body

Heart Rate Recovery (HRR)

is measured as the difference between the peak heart rate and the HR one minute into the cooldown

Karvonen formula

used to calculate the maximum heart rate

Borg

a numbered scale from 6 to 20, with the lowest numbers being 'very, very light' exercise and the highest numbers being 'maximal' exercise

Talking Test

if you can talk during your workout or not

Aerobic

means with oxygen; examples include running and swimming

Anaerobic

refers to activities like military training and HITT

Hypertrophy

the term for an increase in the size of the muscle because of strength training

Atrophy

the term for a loss in muscle size with detraining

Sarcopenia

a type of atrophy which is loss of muscle due to aging

Concentric contraction

a shortening of the muscle as it develops tension against resistance or gravity, and a decrease in the associated joint angle

Eccentric contraction

lengthens the muscle as it works against tension or gravity; the joint angle increases with an eccentric contraction

Isometric

with tension but no movement or change in the joint angle

Hypokinetic

too little movement

Cardiovascular Disease

conditions that affect the major components of the cardiovascular system, the heart, the vascular system, and the blood vessels

Osteoporosis

the most prevalent chronic metabolic bone disease characterized by weakening of bone tissue, bone structure, and bone strength which increases the risk of skeletal fractures

DEXA scan

performed to test bone density to detect osteoporosis

Metabolic Syndrome (MetS)

a noninfectious condition characterized by a cluster of cardiac risk factors: hypertension, dyslipidemia, abdominal obesity, high triglycerides, and insulin resistance

Leptin

regulates the metabolism and signals satiety to the hypothalamus; is an adipokine

Ghrelin

a hormone secreted by the stomach which signals hunger to the hypothalamus

Triglycerides

produced in the liver and are the main lipids found in the bloodstream

Back

the most frequently injured of all the body parts