Midterm

Falsification

The concept that knowledge is only accurate until there is evidence to disprove the claim.

Consequentialism

An ethical theory judging actions based on their consequences, with the belief that the ends justify the means.

Deontological Ethics

An ethical theory that focuses on the morality of actions themselves rather than the consequences.

Black Swan Events

Rare and unpredictable occurrences that have a significant impact.

Gettier Problems

Situations where someone has a justified true belief but still lacks knowledge due to being correct for the wrong reasons.

Conscience

An inner sense or gut feeling that helps determine what matters most in moral decision-making.

Ethical Dilemma

A situation where two or more rights are in conflict, creating challenging decisions.

Internal Conditioning Factors

Personal experiences and beliefs that influence one's perception of morality and ethics.

Expected Outcomes

Predictions about future results that are often incorrect, leading to misjudgment.

Rights and Freedoms

Moral or legal principles that guarantee individuals certain freedoms.