NUR105 /NUR 105 FINAL EXAM 2025/2026 NEWEST EXAM CURRENTLY TESTING COMPLETE 500 QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS

The nurse is developing a human needs statement for a patient who has a new diagnosis of heart failure. Identification of human needs statements occur with which of these activities?

Collection of patient data

Administering interventions

Deciding on patient outcomes

Documenting the patient's behavior

Collection of patient data

The patient is to receive oral guaifenesin twice a day. Today, the nurse was busy and gave the medication 2 hours after the scheduled dose was due. What type of problem does this represent?

"Right time"

"Right dose"

"Right route"

"Right medication"

"Right time"

The nurse has been monitoring the patient's progress on a new drug regimen since the first dose and documenting the patient's therapeutic response to the medication. Which phase of the nursing process do these actions illustrate?

Human needs statement

Planning

Implementation

Evaluation

Evaluation

The nurse is assigned to a patient who is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which statement best illustrates an outcome criterion for this patient?

The patient will follow instructions.

The patient will not experience complications.

The patient will adhere to the new insulin treatment regimen.

The patient will demonstrate correct blood glucose testing technique.

The patient will demonstrate correct blood glucose testing technique.

Which activity best reflects the implementation phase of the nursing process for the patient who is newly diagnosed with hypertension?

Providing education on keeping a journal of blood pressure readings

Setting goals and outcome criteria with the patient's input

Recording a drug history regarding over-the-counter medications used at home

Formulating human needs statements regarding deficient knowledge related to the new treatment regimen

Providing education on keeping a journal of blood pressure readings

The medication order reads, "Give ondansetron 4 mg, 30 minutes before beginning chemotherapy to prevent nausea." The nurse notes that the route is missing from the order. What is the nurse's best action?

Give the medication intravenously because the patient might vomit.

Give the medication orally because the tablets are available in 4-mg doses.

Contact the prescriber to clarify the route of the medication ordered.

Hold the medication until the prescriber returns to make rounds.

Contact the prescriber to clarify the route of the medication ordered.

When the nurse considers the timing of a drug dose, which factor is appropriate to consider when deciding when to give a drug?

The patient's ability to swallow

The patient's height

The patient's last meal

The patient's allergies

The patient's last meal

The nurse is performing an assessment of a newly admitted patient. Which is an example of subjective data?

Weight 155 pounds

Pulse 72 beats/minute

The patient reports that he uses the herbal product ginkgo

The patient's complete blood count results

The patient reports that he uses the herbal product ginkgo

The nurse is administering parenteral drugs. Which statement is true regarding parenteral drugs?

Parenteral drugs bypass the first-pass effect.

Absorption of parenteral drugs is affected by reduced blood flow to the stomach.

Absorption of parenteral drugs is faster when the stomach is empty.

Parenteral drugs exert their effects while circulating in the bloodstream.

Parenteral drugs bypass the first-pass effect.

When monitoring the patient receiving an intravenous infusion to reduce blood pressure, the nurse notes that the patient's blood pressure is extremely low, and the patient is lethargic and difficult to awaken. This would be classified as which type of adverse drug reaction?

Adverse effect

Allergic reaction

Idiosyncratic reaction

Pharmacologic reaction

Pharmacologic reaction

The nurse is reviewing pharmacology terms for a group of newly graduated nurses. Which sentence defines a drug's half-life?

The time it takes for the drug to cause half of its therapeutic response

The time it takes for one half of the original amount of a drug to reach the target cells

The time it takes for one half of the original amount of a drug to be removed from the body

The time it takes for one half of the original amount of a drug to be absorbed into the circulation

The time it takes for one half of the original amount of a drug to be removed from the body

When administering drugs, the nurse remembers that the duration of action of a drug is defined as which of these?

The time it takes for a drug to elicit a therapeutic response

The amount of time needed to remove a drug from circulation

The time it takes for a drug to achieve its maximum therapeutic response

The time period at which a drug's concentration is sufficient to cause a therapeutic response

The time period at which a drug's concentration is sufficient to cause a therapeutic response

When reviewing the mechanism of action of a specific drug, the nurse reads that the drug works by selective enzyme interaction. Which of these processes describes selective enzyme interaction?

The drug alters cell membrane permeability.

The drug's effectiveness within the cell walls of the target tissue is enhanced.

The drug is attracted to a receptor on the cell wall, preventing an enzyme from binding to that receptor.

Correct!

The drug binds to an enzyme molecule and inhibits or enhances the enzyme's action with the normal target cell.

The drug binds to an enzyme molecule and inhibits or enhances the enzyme's action with the normal target cell.

When administering a new medication to a patient, the nurse reads that it is highly protein bound. Assuming that the patient's albumin levels are normal, the nurse would expect which result, as compared to a medication, that is not highly protein bound?

Renal excretion will be faster.

The drug will be metabolized quickly.

The duration of action of the medication will be shorter.

The duration of action of the medication will be longer.

The duration of action of the medication will be longer.

The patient is experiencing chest pain and needs to take a buccal form of nitroglycerin. Where does the nurse instruct the patient to place the tablet?

Under the tongue

On top of the tongue

At the back of the throat

In the space between the cheek and the gum

In the space between the cheek and the gum

A patient who has advanced cancer is receiving opioid medications around the clock to keep him comfortable as he nears the end of his life. Which term best describes this type of therapy?

Palliative therapy

Maintenance therapy

Empiric therapy

Supplemental therapy

Palliative therapy

The patient is stating that he has a headache and asks the nurse which over-the-counter medication form would work the fastest to help reduce the pain. Which medication form will the nurse suggest?

A capsule

A tablet

A powder

An enteric-coated tablet

A powder

The nurse is administering medications to the patient who is in renal failure resulting from end-stage renal disease. The nurse is aware that patients with kidney failure would most likely have problems with which pharmacokinetic phase?

Absorption

Distribution

Metabolism

Excretion

Excretion

When discussing dosage calculation for pediatric patients with a clinical pharmacist, the nurse notes that which type of dosage calculation is used most commonly in pediatric calculations?

West nomogram

Clark rule

Height-to-weight ratio

Milligram per kilogram of body weight formula

Milligram per kilogram of body weight formula

The nurse is assessing a newly admitted 83-year-old patient and determines that the patient is experiencing polypharmacy. Which statement most accurately illustrates polypharmacy?

The patient is experiencing multiple illnesses.

The patient uses one medication for an illness several times per day.

The patient uses over-the-counter drugs for an illness.

The patient uses multiple medications simultaneously.

The patient uses multiple medications simultaneously.

The nurse is aware that confusion, forgetfulness, and increased risk for falls are common responses in an elderly patient who is taking which type of drug?

Laxatives

Anticoagulants

Sedatives

Antidepressants

Sedatives

For accurate medication administration to pediatric patients, the nurse must consider which of these factors?

Organ maturity

Renal output

Body temperature

Height

Organ maturity

The nurse recognizes that an elderly patient may experience a reduction in the stomach's ability to produce hydrochloric acid. This change may result in which effect?

Delayed gastric emptying

Increased gastric acidity

Decreased gastrointestinal motility

Altered absorption of some drugs

Altered absorption of some drugs

The nurse is administering drugs to neonates and will consider which factor may contribute the most to drug toxicity?

The lungs are immature.

The kidneys are small.

The liver is not fully developed.

Excretion of the drug occurs quickly.

The liver is not fully developed.

An 83-year-old woman has been given a thiazide diuretic to treat heart failure. She and her caregiver should be told to watch for which problems?

Constipation and anorexia

Fatigue, leg cramps, and dehydration

Daytime sedation and lethargy

Edema, nausea, and blurred vision

Fatigue, leg cramps, and dehydration

The nurse is trying to give a liquid medication to a 2 1/2-year-old child and notes that the medication has a strong taste. Which technique is the best way for the nurse to give the medication to this child?

Give the medication with a spoonful of ice cream.

Add the medication to the child's bottle.

Tell the child you have candy for him.

Add the medication to a cup of milk.

Give the medication with a spoonful of ice cream.

An elderly patient with a new diagnosis of hypertension will be receiving a new prescription for an antihypertensive drug. The nurse expects which type of dosing to occur with this drug therapy?

Drug therapy will be based on the patient's weight.

Drug therapy will be based on the patient's age.

The patient will receive the maximum dose that is expected to reduce the blood pressure.

The patient will receive the lowest possible dose at first, and then the dose will be increased as needed.

The patient will receive the lowest possible dose at first, and then the dose will be increased as needed.

The nurse is preparing to give an injection to a 4-year-old child. Which intervention is age appropriate for this child?

Give the injection without any advanced preparation.

Give the injection, and then explain the reason for the procedure afterward.

Offer a brief, concrete explanation of the procedure at the patient's level and with the parent or caregiver present.

Prepare the child in advance with details about the procedure without the parent or caregiver present.

Offer a brief, concrete explanation of the procedure at the patient's level and with the parent or caregiver present.

For which cultural group must the health care provider respect the value placed on preserving harmony with nature and the belief that disease is a result of ill spirits?

Hispanics

Asian Americans

Native Americans

African Americans

Native Americans

The nurse is assessing an elderly Hispanic woman who is being treated for hypertension. During the assessment, what is important for the nurse to remember about cultural aspects?

The patient should be discouraged from using folk remedies and rituals.

The nurse will expect the patient to value protective bracelets and "root doctors" as healers.

The nurse will remember that the balance among body, mind, and environment is important for this patient's health beliefs.

Correct!

The nurse's assessment needs to include gathering information regarding religious practices and beliefs regarding medication, treatment, and healing.

The nurse's assessment needs to include gathering information regarding religious practices and beliefs regarding medication, treatment, and healing.

When reviewing the various schedules of controlled drugs, the nurse knows that which description correctly describes Schedule II drugs?

Drugs with high potential for abuse that have accepted medical use

Drugs with high potential for abuse that do not have accepted medical use

Medically accepted drugs that may cause moderate physical or psychologic dependence

Medically accepted drugs with limited potential for causing physical or psychologic dependence

Drugs with high potential for abuse that have accepted medical use

The nurse is reviewing facts about pharmacology for a review course. The term legend drug refers to which item?

Over-the-counter drugs

Prescription drugs

Orphan drugs

Older drugs

Prescription drugs

Nurses have the ethical responsibility of doing or actively promoting good. What is this principle known as?

Justice

Veracity

Beneficence

Autonomy

Beneficence

A patient is undergoing major surgery and asks the nurse about a living will. He states, "I don't want anybody else making decisions for me. And I don't want to prolong my life." The patient is demonstrating which ethical term?

Autonomy

Beneficence

Justice

Veracity

Autonomy

The nurse is reviewing a list of scheduled drugs and notes that Schedule C-I drugs are not on the list. Which is a characteristic of Schedule C-I drugs?

No refills are permitted.

They may be obtained over-the-counter with a signature.

They are available only by written prescription.

They are used only with approved protocols.

They are used only with approved protocols.

During a busy night shift, a new nurse administered an unfamiliar medication without checking it in a drug handbook. Later that day, the patient had a severe reaction because he has renal problems, which was a contraindication to that drug. The nurse may be liable for which of these?

Medical negligence

Nursing negligence

Nonmaleficence

Autonomy

Nursing negligence

The nurse is reviewing medication errors. Which situation is an example of a medication error?

A patient refuses her morning medications.

A patient receives a double dose of a medication because the nurse did not cut the pill in half.

A patient develops hives after having started an IV antibiotic 24 hours earlier.

A patient complains of severe pain still present 60 minutes after a pain medication was given.

A patient receives a double dose of a medication because the nurse did not cut the pill in half.

The nurse is reviewing a list of verbal medication orders. Which is the proper notation of the dose of the drug ordered?

Levothyroxine .75 mg

Levothyroxine .750 mg

Levothyroxine 0.75 mg

Levothyroxine 0.750 mg

Levothyroxine 0.75 mg

When given a scheduled morning medication, the patient states, "I haven't seen that pill before. Are you sure it's correct?" The nurse checks the medication administration record and verifies that it is listed. Which is the nurse's best response?

"It's listed here on the medication sheet, so you should take it."

"Go ahead and take it, and then I'll check with your doctor about it."

"It wouldn't be listed here if it were not ordered for you!"

Correct!

"Let me check on the order first before you take it."

"Let me check on the order first before you take it."

During a period of time when the computerized medication order system was down, the prescriber wrote admission orders, and the nurse is transcribing them. The nurse is having difficulty transcribing one order because of the prescriber's handwriting. Which is the best action for the nurse to take at this time?

Ask a colleague what the order says.

Correct!

Contact the prescriber to clarify the order.

Wait until the prescriber makes rounds again to clarify the order.

Ask the patient what medications he takes at home.

Contact the prescriber to clarify the order.

When taking a telephone order for a medication, which action by the nurse is most appropriate?

Verify the order with the charge nurse.

Call back the prescriber to review the order.

Repeat the order to the prescriber before hanging up the telephone.

Ask the pharmacist to double-check the order.

Repeat the order to the prescriber before hanging up the telephone.

During morning medication administration, the nurse discovered an error on the electronic MAR before the medication was given. Which action by the nurse is appropriate for this "near-miss"?

Correct the MAR error but say nothing because nothing happened.

Notify the pharmacy about the error they almost caused.

Report the near-miss using the facility's recommended protocol, and correct the error on the MAR.

Report the near-miss to the next shift before the next dose is due.

Report the near-miss using the facility's recommended protocol, and correct the error on the MAR.

When reviewing pediatric medication administration, the nurse recognizes that which type of medication error is most common with children?

Oral medication administration errors

Wrong route errors

Incorrect dosage form errors

Dosing errors

Dosing errors

When giving medications, the nurse will follow the rights of medication administration. The rights include the right documentation, the right reason, the right response, and the patient's right to refuse. Which of these are additional rights? (Select all that apply.)

Right drug

Right route

Right dose

Right time

Right patient

Right diagnosis

Right drug

Right route

Right dose

Right time

Right patient

The nurse is reviewing the concept of drug polymorphism. Which factors contribute to drug polymorphism? (Select all that apply.)

The number of drugs ordered by the physician

Inherited factors

The patient's diet and nutritional status

Different dosage forms of the same drug

The patient's cultural practices

The patient's drug history

The various available forms of a drug

Inherited factors

The patient's diet and nutritional status

The patient's cultural practices

The nurse is performing an admission assessment. Which findings reflect components of a cultural assessment? (Select all that apply.)

The patient uses aspirin as needed for pain.

The patient has a history of hypertension.

The patient uses herbal tea to relax in the evenings.

The patient does not speak English.

The patient is allergic to shellfish.

The patient does not eat pork products because of religious beliefs.

The patient uses aspirin as needed for pain.

The patient uses herbal tea to relax in the evenings.

The patient does not speak English.

The patient does not eat pork products because of religious beliefs.

The nurse can prevent medication errors by following which principles? (Select all that apply.)

Assess for allergies after giving medications.

Use two patient identifiers before giving medications.

Always following the rights of medication administration.

Minimize the use of verbal and telephone orders.

Use trade names instead of generic names to avoid confusion.

Use two patient identifiers before giving medications.

Always following the rights of medication administration.

Minimize the use of verbal and telephone orders.

Levothyroxine is available in 88-mcg tablet form. Convert this dose to milligram strength. (do not round)

0.088mg

Digoxin is available in 0.25-mg tablet form. Convert this dose to microgram strength. (do not round)

250mcg

Place the phases of the nursing process in the correct order, with 1 as the first phase and 5 as the last phase.

a. Planning

b. Evaluation

c. Assessment

d. Implementation

e. Human needs statement

Assessment

Human needs statement

Planning

Implementation

Evaluation

The nurse is reviewing medication errors. Which situation is an example of a medication error?

A patient develops hives after having started an IV antibiotic 24 hours earlier.

A patient refuses her morning medications.

A patient receives a double dose of a medication because the nurse did not cut the pill in half.

A patient complains of severe pain still present 60 minutes after a pain medication was given.

A patient receives a double dose of a medication because the nurse did not cut the pill in half.

The nurse is reviewing a list of verbal medication orders. Which is the proper notation of the dose of the drug ordered?

Levothyroxine 0.750 mg

Levothyroxine .75 mg

Levothyroxine .750 mg

Levothyroxine 0.75 mg

Levothyroxine 0.75 mg

During morning medication administration, the nurse discovered an error on the electronic MAR before the medication was given. Which action by the nurse is appropriate for this "near-miss"?

Report the near-miss using the facility's recommended protocol, and correct the error on the MAR.

Notify the pharmacy about the error they almost caused.

Correct the MAR error but say nothing because nothing happened.

Report the near-miss to the next shift before the next dose is due.

Report the near-miss using the facility's recommended protocol, and correct the error on the MAR.

When reviewing pediatric medication administration, the nurse recognizes that which type of medication error is most common with children?

Wrong route errors

Oral medication administration errors

Dosing errors

Incorrect dosage form errors

Dosing errors

The nurse is reviewing the teaching plan for a clinic patient who was seen for a sinus infection. Which of these outcomes reflect the affective domain of learning?

The patient will demonstrate correct nasal spray self-administration.

The patient will list measures to take to reduce allergy triggers at home.

The patient will take the prescribed antibiotic for the full 14 days of the prescription.

The patient will list signs and symptoms that need to be reported immediately if they occur.

The patient will take the prescribed antibiotic for the full 14 days of the prescription.

The nurse is developing a care plan for a patient who will be self-administering a metered-dose inhaler. Which statement reflects a measurable outcome?

Correct!

The patient will demonstrate the proper technique of self-administering a metered-dose inhaler.

The patient will comprehend the proper technique of self-administering a metered-dose inhaler.

The patient will understand the principles of self-administration of a metered-dose inhaler.

The patient will know about self-administration of a metered-dose inhaler.

The patient will demonstrate the proper technique of self-administering a metered-dose inhaler.

During a nursing assessment, which question by the nurse allows for greater clarification and additional discussion with the patient?

"Are you allergic to iodine?"

"Are you taking this medication with meals?"

"Have you had a reaction to this drug?"

"What type of reaction did you have to penicillin?"

"What type of reaction did you have to penicillin?"

The nurse is setting up a teaching session with an 85-year-old patient who will be going home on anticoagulant therapy. Which educational strategy would reflect consideration of the age-related changes that may exist with this patient?

Give the patient pamphlets about the medications to read at home.

Show a video about anticoagulation therapy.

Develop large-print handouts that reflect the verbal information presented.

Present all the information in one session just before discharge.

Develop large-print handouts that reflect the verbal information presented.

When the nurse teaches a skill such as self-injection of insulin to the patient, what is the best way to set up the teaching/learning session?

After demonstrating the procedure, allow the patient to do several return demonstrations.

Show a video, and allow the patient to practice as needed on his own.

Provide written pamphlets for instruction.

Verbally explain the procedure, and provide written handouts for reinforcement.

After demonstrating the procedure, allow the patient to do several return demonstrations.

A patient with a new prescription for a diuretic has just reviewed with the nurse how to include more potassium in her diet. This reflects learning in which domain?

Psychomotor

Affective

Cognitive

Physical

Cognitive

During an admission assessment, the nurse discovers that the patient does not speak English. Which is considered the ideal resource for translation?

Prewritten note cards with both English and the patient's language

A close family friend of the patient

A family member of the patient

A translator who does not know the patient

A translator who does not know the patient

A 60-year-old patient is on several new medications and expresses worry that she will forget to take her pills. Which action by the nurse would be most helpful in this situation?

Assuring the patient that she will not forget once she is accustomed to the routine

Asking the patient's prescriber to reduce the number of drugs prescribed

Assisting the patient with obtaining and learning to use a calendar or pill container

Teaching effective coping strategies

Assisting the patient with obtaining and learning to use a calendar or pill container

A 25-year-old woman is visiting the prenatal clinic and shares with the nurse her desire to go "natural" with her pregnancy. She shows the nurse a list of herbal remedies that she wants to buy so that she can "avoid taking any drugs." Which statement by the nurse is correct?

"Keep in mind that products from different manufacturers are required to contain consistent amounts of the herbal products."

"Most herbal remedies are not harmful and are safe for use during pregnancy."

"Please read each label carefully before use to check for cautionary warnings."

Correct!

"It's important to remember that herbal remedies do not have proven safety ratings for pregnant women."

"It's important to remember that herbal remedies do not have proven safety ratings for pregnant women."

The nurse is giving a lecture about current U.S. laws and regulations of herbal products. According to the United States Dietary Supplement and Health Education Act of 1994, which statement is true?

Medicinal herbs are viewed as dietary supplements.

Producers of herbal products must prove therapeutic efficacy.

Herbal remedies are protected by patent laws.

Herbal remedies are held to the same standards as drugs.

Medicinal herbs are viewed as dietary supplements.

The patient wants to take the herbal product kava to help him rest at night. The nurse would be concerned about potential interactions if he is taking a medication from which class of drugs?

Anticoagulants

Immunosuppressants

Sedatives

Digitalis

Sedatives

The patient has been taking an over-the-counter (OTC) acid-reducing drug because he has had "stomach problems" for several months. He tells the nurse that the medicine helps as long as he takes it, but once he stops it, the symptoms return. Which statement by the nurse is the best advice for this patient?

"The over-the-counter drug has helped you, so you should continue to take it."

"The over-the-counter dosage may not be strong enough. You should be taking prescription-strength for best effects."

Correct!

"Using this drug may relieve your symptoms, but it does not address the cause. Please make an appointment with your health care provider."

"For best results, you need to watch what you eat in addition to taking this drug."

"Using this drug may relieve your symptoms, but it does not address the cause. Please make an appointment with your health care provider."

During an assessment, the patient tells the nurse that he takes a garlic supplement for its cardiovascular benefits. Which drug or drug class, if taken, would have a potential interaction with the garlic?

Acetaminophen (Tylenol)

Sedatives

Insulin

Antilipemic drugs

Insulin

A patient calls the clinic to ask about taking cranberry dietary supplement capsules because a friend recommended them. The nurse will discuss which possible concern when a patient is taking cranberry supplements?

It may increase the risk for bleeding if the patient is taking anticoagulants.

Correct!

It may reduce elimination of drugs that are excreted by the kidneys.

Cranberry may increase the intensity and duration of effects of caffeine.

It may increase the risk of toxicity of some psychotherapeutic drugs.

It may reduce elimination of drugs that are excreted by the kidneys.

A patient wants to take the herb gingko to help his memory. The nurse reviews his current medication list and would be concerned about potential interactions if he is taking a medication from which class of drugs?

Antiplatelet drugs

Digitalis

Sedatives

Immunosuppressants

Antiplatelet drugs

The nurse can prevent medication errors by following which principles? (Select all that apply.)

Use trade names instead of generic names to avoid confusion.

Minimize the use of verbal and telephone orders.

Always following the rights of medication administration.

Use two patient identifiers before giving medications.

Assess for allergies after giving medications.

Minimize the use of verbal and telephone orders.

Always following the rights of medication administration.

Use two patient identifiers before giving medications.

Which are appropriate considerations when the nurse is assessing the learning needs of a patient? (Select all that apply.)

Cultural background

Health beliefs

Readiness to learn

Family history

Level of education

Cultural background

Health beliefs

Readiness to learn

Level of education

The nurse is teaching an older patient about the use of an incentive spirometer after surgery. Which of these age-related changes are appropriate for the nurse to consider when teaching older patients? (Select all that apply.)

Decreased cognitive function

Decreased short-term memory

Decreased sense of touch

Increased conduction of sound

Increased ability to concentrate

Decreased cognitive function

Decreased short-term memory

Decreased sense of touch

The nurse is conducting a class for senior citizens about the use of over-the-counter (OTC) drugs. Which statements are true regarding the use of OTC drugs? (Select all that apply.)

Correct!

OTC drugs may relieve symptoms without addressing the cause of the problem.

OTC drugs are indicated for long-term treatment of conditions.

Drug interactions with OTC medications are rare.

Correct!

Use of OTC drugs may delay treatment of serious ailments.

Correct!

Patients may misunderstand product labels and use the drugs improperly.

OTC drugs may relieve symptoms without addressing the cause of the problem.

Use of OTC drugs may delay treatment of serious ailments.

Patients may misunderstand product labels and use the drugs improperly.

The nurse is reviewing the criteria for over-the-counter drugs. Which criteria for over-the-counter status in the United States are accurate? (Select all that apply.)

The consumer must be able to monitor the drug's effectiveness.

The drug must have a low potential for abuse.

The drug must not have any interactions with other drugs.

The drug must be easy to use.

The drug must have a low therapeutic index.

The consumer must be able to monitor the drug's effectiveness.

The drug must have a low potential for abuse.

The drug must be easy to use.

A patient with a PEG tube is to receive ferrous sulfate, 75 mg per the tube, daily. The medication is available as an elixir, 220 mg/5 mL. How many milliliters will the patient receive per dose? Record your answer using one decimal place.

1.7 mL