BIRMINGHAM: Case Study

Where is Birmingham located

located near the centre of England, towards the west. 100 miles north west of London

What opportunities has international migration had on BM

younger working population, ethnic diversity, culture diversity brings businesses

What challenges has international migration had on BM

housing demand increases, language barriers, discrimination, immigrants live in most deprived areas

Why did BM need regenerating

highly industrial, deindustrialisation, factories closed, spiral of decline

How did BM regenerate

Brindley Place, Birmingham Smithfield, Bull Ring

What does Smithfield offer

major shopping centre, 1k new homes, midland metro tram connected to HS2

What does Bull Ring offer

8k new jobs, 35M visitors

What does Brindley Place offer

5k new jobs, 238k visitors

Why is BM important culturally

1/3 ethnic minorites

Why is BM important historically

city of 1k trades

Why is BM important industrially

2nd largest insurance market, 2nd most visited retail

Why is BM important with tourism

3rd most popular place to visit and relocate to

What social opportunities did urbanisation bring

brought many cultures + ethnic diversities (Balti Triangle), 5 Uni's moved here

What economic opportunities did urbanisation bring

BP brought 5k new jobs, BR brought 8k new jobs (140 shops generated)

What environmental opportunities did urbanisation bring

canals are cleaned up (Eastside City Park), Metro

What socioeconomic challenges did urbanisation bring

inequalities in housing, poorer education, poorer health facilities, urban deprivation, unemployment

What environmental challenges did urbanisation bring

brownfield sites, urban sprawl