Nutrition and Health

Vocabulary practice flashcards based on the HO 152 Norm - Therapeutic Nutrition lecture by Nicholas Fernando, MSN RN, covering nutrient classes, energy values, and daily requirements.

Kilocalorie (kcalorie)

A unit of energy representing the amount of energy that carbohydrates, fats, and proteins release.

Macronutrients

The category of nutrients that provide energy (calories);

• carbs

• fats

• proteins

Micronutrients

• vitamins

• minerals

Essential Nutrients

• must be obtained from the foods we eat

• sometimes made by the body, but isn’t sufficient or sustainable

Six Classes of Nutrients

• Carbohydrates

• Fats

• Protein

• Vitamins

• Minerals

• Water

Alcohol

An energy-producing source that yields $7\,kcal/g$, but is not classified as a nutrient.

Carbohydrate Energy Yield

Provides $4\,kcal$ per $1\,g$.

Protein Energy Yield

Provides $4\,kcal$ per $1\,g$.

Fat Energy Yield

Provides $9\,kcal$ per $1\,g$.

Daily Protein Breakdown

$$10-35\%$$

Daily Fat Breakdown

$$20-35\%$$

Daily Carbohydrate Breakdown

$$45-65\%$$

MyPlate Components

The five food groups identified by the U.S. Department of Agriculture: Fruits, Grains, Vegetables, Protein, and Dairy.

what does a nutrient do for us?

• gives energy

• gives calories

• helps us grow

• heals our body

• decreases the risk of diseases