Introduction to Environmental Science

A comprehensive set of flashcards covering key concepts in Environmental Science, including definitions and explanations for important terms related to the environment and sustainability.

Environment

Derived from the French word ‘environner’, meaning to encircle or surround; it is defined as the social, cultural, and physical conditions that influence survival, growth, and development.

Environmental Studies

A multidisciplinary field that examines the interactions between humans and the environment, incorporating aspects from various disciplines such as biology, geology, and sociology.

Atmosphere

The blanket of gases surrounding the Earth, one of the four segments of the environment.

Hydrosphere

The various water bodies present on Earth, including oceans, rivers, and lakes.

Lithosphere

The part of the Earth's crust that contains various types of soils and rocks.

Biosphere

All living organisms and their interactions with the environment.

Multidisciplinary Nature

Environmental studies encompass various branches of science, including physics, chemistry, and biology, to understand physical and biological phenomena in the environment.

Ecology

The branch of biology that deals with the relationships between living organisms and their environment.

Environmental Pollution

The introduction of harmful substances or products into the environment, affecting natural ecosystems and human health.

Sustainable Development

Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Population Growth

The increase in the number of individuals in a population, which can pressure natural resources and affect the environment.

Poverty

A condition where individuals lack sufficient resources to meet basic needs, often linked to environmental degradation.

Urbanization

The increase in the population of cities, which can lead to environmental problems such as pollution and inadequate infrastructure.

Climate Change

Long-term alterations in temperature, precipitation, wind patterns, and other elements of the Earth's climate system, often attributed to human activity.

Environmental Degradation

The deterioration of the environment through depletion of resources, destruction of ecosystems, and pollution.

Natural Resources

Materials provided by nature that support life and are utilized by humans, including water, minerals, forests, and fossil fuels.

Conservation

The act of preserving, guarding, or protecting natural resources to prevent their depletion or destruction.