Human Growth Development Final Exam - Chapters 12 - 15

Influences on biological aging include which of the following?

a. Genetics

b. Lifestyle

c. Environment

d. All of the above

e. A and B

d. All of the above

Which of the following life circumstances advances the shortening of telomeres and, hence, the process of aging?

a. chronic illness

b. inactivity and obesity

c. stress

d. All of the above

e. A and B

d. All of the above

During the aging process, the decline and deterioration of the immune system is accelerated by which of the following?

a. Allergies

b. Poor nutrition

c. Psychological stress

d. All of the above

e. A and B

d. All of the above

The rate of cardiovascular disease has been declining in recent years due to which of the following?

a. Better lifestyle choices

b. Earlier medical treatment

c. Less stress on individuals

d. All of the above

e. A and B

e. A and B

Among the leading causes of death in Middle Adults are which of the following?

a. Cancer

b. Cardiovascular disease

c. Alzheimer's disease

d. All of the above

e. A and B

e. A and B

When comparing the life expectancies of upper and lower SES groups in the U.S., which of the following findings have been reported?

a. There is little difference between the life expectancies of Upper and Lower SES people

b. The life expectancy of Upper SES people is 30 years longer than Lower SES people

c. The life expectancy of Upper SES people is 10 years longer than Lower SES people

e. There appears to be no relation between SES status and life expectancy

b. The life expectancy of Upper SES people is 30 years longer than Lower SES people

Typical body changes during Middle Adulthood include which of the following?

a. Muscle atrophy

b. Loss of joint flexibility

c. Reduced agility

d. All of the above

e. A and B

d. All of the above

Which of the following increases the risk of almost every chronic disease?

a. Cigarette smoking

b. Alcohol consumption

c. Obesity

d. Excess physical activity

c. Obesity

Bone loss in Middle Adulthood can be somewhat avoided by which of the following?

a. Calcium and Vitamin D

b. Topical ointments

c. Heat treatments

d. Injections

a. Calcium and Vitamin D

During Middle Adulthood, the deterioration of neural connections in the prefrontal cortex and the corpus callosum are responsible for which of the following effects?

a. Declining balance and motor coordination

b. Slowing of information processing

c. Uneven distribution of motor skills

d. All of the above

e. A and B

b. Slowing of information processing

In Middle Adulthood, regular exercise has which of the following benefits?

a. Improves physical health

b. Improves mental health

c. Strengthens the immune system

d. All of the above

e. A and B

d. All of the above

Which of the following psychological conditions is correlated with high blood pressure, stroke, and arteriosclerosis?

a. Depression

b. Paranoia

c. Hostility

d. All of the above

e. A and B

c. Hostility

Which of the following have been identified as personality traits that remain stable over time throughout adulthood?

a. Openness

b. Extroversion

c. Paranoia

d. All of the above

e. A and B

e. A and B

Unemployment in Middle adulthood has been shown to be correlated with higher rates of which of the following effects?

a. Domestic abuse

b. Substance abuse

c. Depression

d. All of the above

e. A and B

d. All of the above

Factors that have been shown to affect life expectancy in older adults include which of the following?

a. Gender

b. Diet and exercise

c. Low stress

d. All of the above

e. A and B

d. All of the above

Memory loss in Late Adulthood is due to the loss of neurons in which part of the brain?

a. Prefrontal cortex

b. Corpus callosum

c. Cerebellum

d. Hippocampus

d. Hippocampus

Slower thinking in Late Adulthood is related to which of the following changes in the brain?

a. Reduction in neurotransmitters

b. Decreases in neural fluid and gray matter

c. Slower circulation of blood through the brain

d. All of the above

e. A and B

d. All of the above

Which of the following factors are related to the quality of cognitive functioning in Late Adulthood?

a. Genetics

b. Stimulation

c. Education

d. All of the above

e. A and B

d. All of the above

Which of the following conditions or circumstances are often misdiagnosed as neurocognitive disorders?

a. Depression

b. Malnutrition

c. Temporary medical conditions

d. All of the above

e. A and B

d. All of the above

In Late Adulthood, which of the following personality characteristics tend to be common?

a. A tendency to recall positive rather than negative memories

b. Greater emotional self-regulation

c. More avoidance of interpersonal conflict

d. All of the above

e. A and B

d. All of the above