Bi222z Lecture One: Organisms and Energy

These flashcards cover key vocabulary terms from the lecture on organisms and energy, focusing on cellular processes and energy dynamics.

ATP

A high-energy molecule that stores and transfers energy within cells.

Concentration Gradient

A difference in the concentration of a substance across a space.

Membrane Potential

The electric potential difference across a cell membrane due to the distribution of ions.

Driving Force

The energy available to move materials across a membrane, determined by the balance of charge and concentration gradients.

Substrate Level Phosphorylation

The direct generation of ATP from ADP during biochemical reactions.

Proton Motive Force

The force generated by a proton gradient across a membrane, which is used to drive ATP synthesis.

Diffusion

The movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Osmosis

The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane.

Electrochemical Gradient

A gradient that combines both the concentration gradient and the membrane potential.

Steady State

A condition where the concentrations of reactants and products remain constant over time, not at equilibrium.