Plants-Everything Besides Plant Collection

This flashcard set begins with Nonvascular Plants.

If you want to buy a Nonvascular plant, what things can you look for so you do not pick Vascular by mistake?

Nonvascular plants have NO vascular tissue and NO leaves, stems, or roots.

example of Nonvascular plant

moss

In moss, what is the purpose of rhizoid

it anchors the moss to produce acid. anchors to rock, trees, etc.

what is a pioneer species

primary succession- this basically means they were the first species to truly colinize barren or disturbed ecosystems.

Are moss an example of a pioneer species?

Yeah!

for further explanation on pioneer species:

bare rock → moss → soil →grass → trees

Peat moss in gardening

stores a LOT of water.

What does Peat Moss turn into 1000s of years later

coal

What does coal turn into 1000s of years later

natural gas and petroleum

Why is peat moss so crucial to our development as a species/society in terms of ECONOMY and INFRASTRUCTURE

It is a really cheap thing to burn for heat and is good for gardening. ( as well as the gas and coal productions)

Now moving onto Vascular plants

What is xylem

transports water in plants (mostly up)

What is phloem

carries food mostly from the leaves down

Vascular plants go off into 2 subsets

Seedless and seed

Seedless plants have no seeds, so how can they reproduce?

they have spores

What are spores

reproductive cells.

examples of spores

ferns, whisk ferns, horsetails

fiddlehead vs frond

fiddlehead=immature fern leaf

frond=mature fern leaf

Seed vascular plants branch off into 2 categories:

Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

Gymnosperms are: “latin and greek words boys and girls!”

naked seeds

examples of gymnosperms

cycads, gincos, pines, first, spruces, cedars, cypress, and juniper

what are the 3 more famous and world renowned gymnosperms

bristlecone pines, redwoods, & douglas fir

What is the tallest gymnosperm

redwood

what is the longest living gymnosperm

bristlecone pine

what is the most used gymnosperm

douglas fir

Angiosperms include all _____ & ______ plants

flowering & fruit

Angiosperms are split into two categories

monocot and dicot

monocot seed leaf number in their cotelydon

1

monocot veins are…

parallel

monocots vascular bundles in the stem are

a) scattered

b) in a circle

c) spiraling

d) there aren’t any

A

How many petals will you see in a monocot

3-6

Dicots have ___ seed leafs in their cotelydon

2

dicots have what kind of veins in the leaf

not parallel

The vascular bundles in the stem of a dicot are:

a) scattered

b) in a circle

c) spiraling

d) there aren’t any

B

How many petals in a dicot

4-5ish

Continuing onto the general anatomy of a plant… ( very basic level of digging)

3 plant organs

Roots

Stems

Leaves

What are the 3 functions of roots

absorb water and nutrients

anchor the plant

store food

3 functions of the stem

transport water + nutrients

support the plant

store food

leaf function??????????????????????

PHOTOSYNTHESISSSSSS

stoma/stomata function

allow CO2 in, but with O2 and water vapor OUT

guard cell function

expand to close the stomata and minimize water loss

Cuticle/cutin function

waxy layer that prevents water loss

epidermis function

outer layer of cells in plants