Elementary Psych Quiz 6

Short-term memory (working memory)

duration: 20 seconds

capacity: 6-9 items (7 on average)

Episodic Memory

personal recollections

proactive interference

Previously stored info interferes with the new info you’re trying to remember

-old messes with the new

retroactive interference

newly stored information interferes with the retrieval of old information

-new messes with the old

retrograde amnesia:

lack of memory for events that occured just before brain trauma

anterograde amnesia

lack of memory for events that occur after a brain trauma

perception is:

 process of organizing and interpreting sensory information

perception enables recognition of:

meaningful objects and events

perception changes with:

experience and expecation

perceptual constancy

Perceiving objects as unchanging even as illumination and retinal image changes

stage 3&4 of sleep:

• large slow delta waves/30 min each 

circadian ryhthym

• any biological process that displays an internal, adaptable oscillation of about 24 hours 

light exposure is the ———- that helps ——— the ———-:

primary environmental factor

regulate

circadian rhythm

Narcolepsy:

inability to regulate sleep-wake cycles normally

What is narcolepsy characterized by?

• uncontrollable episode of falling asleep during the day 

when do narcoleptics experience rem stage of sleep compared to most people?

narcoleptics: 5 minutes

most people: an hour or so later

What are the types of long-term memory?

explicit memory: knowing what

implicit memory: knowing how

what makes up explicit memory?

• Semantic memory: general knowledge 

• Episodic memory: personal recollections

what makes up implicit memory?

• Procedural memory (skills) 

• Conditioning

• Priming 

What is sensory memory’s duration and capacity?

from milliseconds to 3-4 seconds

unlimited capacity

what is long term-memory’s duration and capacity?

infinite duration

unlimited capacity

The Flynn Effect:

• Since the 1930s IQ averages have steadily increased 

what is sternbergs defintion of intelligence made up of?

analytical, creative, and practical intelligence

pratical intelligence:

1. ability to reason skillfully in day-to-day life 

-” street smarts’

Measuring intelligence (who came up with these tests?)

• Attempt to measure aptitude (potential or capacity for learning)

• weschler
  

memories decay in every stage but the forgetting-time is very

different:

sensory (< 10s)

▶ STM (a few minutes)

▶ LTM (hours, days, years, decades)

Representative Heuristic:

A mental shortcut for judging the likelihood of something

Availability Heuristic:

A mental shortcut for deciding how frequent or probable something is