Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Flashcards based on key concepts and terms related to plant structure, growth, and development.

Shoot System

The part of a plant consisting of stems and leaves, where photosynthesis occurs.

Root System

The part of a plant that anchors it and provides water and nutrients.

Terminal Bud

The growing tip of a plant that contributes to upward growth.

Axillary Bud

A bud located at the junction of a stem and a leaf.

Dermal Tissue System

The outer protective covering of a plant that regulates gas exchange and water loss.

Vascular Tissue System

Plant tissue responsible for the conduction of water, nutrients, and food.

Ground Tissue System

Plant tissue that provides support, storage, and photosynthesis.

Parenchyma Cells

Cells that are involved in storage, photosynthesis, and secretion.

Collenchyma Cells

Flexible cells that provide support in young and growing parts of the plant.

Sclerenchyma Cells

Rigid cells that provide structural support to the plant.

Xylem

Vascular tissue that conducts water and dissolved minerals from roots to other parts of the plant.

Phloem

Vascular tissue that conducts food materials throughout the plant.

Apical Meristems

Regions of active cell division located at the tips of roots and shoots.

Primary Growth

Growth that increases the length of roots and shoots.

Secondary Growth

Growth that increases the girth of stems and roots.

Cork Cambium

A lateral meristem responsible for producing cork cells in the periderm.

Bark

The outer covering of woody stems and roots that includes all tissues outside the vascular cambium.

Meristematic Cells

Undifferentiated cells that divide and give rise to other types of plant cells.

Morphogenesis

The process by which cells and tissues develop specific structures and functions in plants.