Behavior Genetics: Predicting Individual Differences

This set of flashcards covers key concepts from the lecture on behavior genetics, including definitions and explanations of terms related to genetic influences on behavior, twin studies, heritability, and molecular genetics.

Behavior Genetics

The study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior.

Gene

Biochemical units of heredity made up of DNA, capable of synthesizing proteins.

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)

A complex molecule that contains the genetic information for the development and functioning of living things.

Genome

The complete instructions for making an organism, consisting of all the genetic material in that organism's chromosomes.

Identical Twins (Monozygotic Twins)

Twins who develop from a single fertilized egg that splits into two, creating two genetically identical organisms.

Fraternal Twins (Dizygotic Twins)

Twins who develop from two different eggs fertilized by two different sperm, genetically no closer than brothers and sisters.

Heritability

The proportion of variation among individuals that can be attributed to genes, indicating the extent to which differences among people are due to genetic factors.

Gene-Environment Interaction

The interplay that occurs when the effect of one factor (such as the environment) depends on another factor (such as heredity). environments trigger gene activity.

Epigenetics

The study of how environmental factors affect gene expression without changing the DNA itself. When environmental factors pair with genetic factors.

Biological Relatives

Family members who share genetic ties, such as biological parents.

Environmental Relatives

Family members who are related through environment, such as adoptive parents.

Cultural Influences

The impact of societal norms and practices on individual behavior or attitudes.

Epigenetic Mark

Organic methyl molecule attatched to the part of a DNA strand which instructs the cell to ignore any gene present in that DNA segment

Nature

the biology

Nurture

The environment

Explain larger or smaller groups and their correlation/affect on heredity

The larger the groups, the more common traits among people, and then less heritability