Dialectology Qualifying Questions

A non-historical /r/ inserted between morphemes is called …

Intrusive-R

We refer to the pronunciation of a dialect in general as …

Accent

Standard Southern British English pronunciation is traditionally called (give both the full name and the abbreviation)

Received Pronunciation, RP

In this course, we refer to Standard American English pronunciation as (give both the full name and the abbreviation)

General American, GA

We refer to the pronunciation of a dialect in general as…

Accent

The deletion of non-prevocalic /r/ is traditionally called the rule of …

R-dropping

The name of the sound change responsible for the difference in certain accents between the vowels in words like *hat, can* and words like *dance, can’t* is …

TRAP/BATH Split - BATH Broadening

In a “flat”-BATH accent words like *bath* are pronounced with the vowel …

ash /æ/

The name of the sound \[ɾ\] is

Tap/flap

The name of the sound \[Ɂ\] is

Glottal stop

The two main types of English accent are the “English” type and the ...

“American” type

The two varieties of English which do not fit into either category are ...

Scottish English and Irish English

The major dialect boundary between the linguistic north and the linguistic south in England is called ...

The Severn-Wash Line

The traditional dialect of Tyneside/Newcastle is called ...

Geordie

The traditional dialect of Merseyside/Liverpool is called ...

Scouse

The traditional working-class dialect of London is called ...

Cockney

In an unsplit FOOT-STRUT accent the words *put, but, love, blood, look* are all pronounced with ...

12\.     */ʊ/*

That part of England where unsplit FOOT-STRUT accents are found is the …

The linguistic North

In terms of the FOOT-STRUT variable, RP belongs to the type we call …

Split accent

In terms of the FOOT-STRUT variable, GA belongs to the type we call …

Split accent

In terms of the TRAP-BATH variable, RP belongs to the type we call …

Split accent

In terms of the TRAP-BATH variable, GA belongs to the type we call …

Unsplit accent

12\.     A speaker for whom *hart* is homophonous with *art* exhibits the pronunciation feature called ...

H-dropping

As a result of Diphthong Shift, in Cockney words like *day, bay, later, prey* are pronounced with the vowel ...

*/aɪ/*

As a result of Diphthong Shift, in Cockney words like *how, now, out, house* are pronounced with the vowel ... (there are two possible answers)

/æ:/ or /aeʊ/

In several accents of English there is a difference between two types (“allophones”) of /l/, one is traditionally called clear or light, the other is called ...

Dark

The process whereby a dark-L is replaced by a back (velar) rounded vowel is called ...

Vocalization

Glottalling (or glottal replacement) means the replacement of a /t/ by (give both the name and the symbol) ...

/Ɂ/ glottal stop

Initial Fricative Voicing characterises the geographical region called ...

The linguistic South

In England Intrusive-L is found in and around the city of ...

Bristol

TH-fronting means that /θ/ as in *think* and /ð/ as in *brother* are replaced, respectively, by ...

*/f/, /v/*

TH-stopping means that /θ/ as in *think* and /ð/ as in *brother* are replaced, respectively, by ...

*/t/, /d/*

The non-standard spelling *fella* for *fellow* shows that the word may undergo the process called

Final ow-reduction

The type of slang invented by Cockney speakers in the 19th century (and still used by Londoners in general) is called …

Cockney rhyming slang

The variety of English whose speakers may retain the difference between words like *blue* and *blew* (i.e., no effects of Early Yod-dropping) is …

Welsh English

In English dialectology, the term “Celtic countries” subsumes …

Scotland, Ireland

The Celtic language spoken in parts of Scotland is called …

Scottish Gaelic

The Celtic language spoken in parts of Ireland is called … (there are two possible answers)

Irish Gaelic, Erse

The collective name of the traditional rural dialects and their urban variations of English in Scotland is …

Scots

Before the Great Vowel Shift, words like *mouse* were pronounced with the vowel …

*/u:/*

Before the Great Vowel Shift, words like *mice* were pronounced with the vowel …

/i:/

In accents with no WH-reduction, words like *witch* are pronounced with /w/ at the beginning, while words like *which* have … (there are two possible answers)

/hw/, /ʍ/

Aitken’s Law is the alternative name of the pronunciation regularity called …

The Scottish Vowel Length Rule

“North American English” subsumes the varieties spoken in the countries …

USA + Canada (Standard American English + Canadian English)

“Southern Hemisphere English” subsumes the varieties spoken in the countries …

Australia, New Zealand, South Africa

In our typology of the accents of the US, the non-GA accents are the ones we call …

Eastern US English, Southern US English

The name of the sound change responsible for the absence of difference in certain accents between the stressed vowels in words like *bother, clock* and words like *father, Clark* is

LOT Unrounding

A speaker for whom *new, tune, dew* are homophonous with *gnu, toon, do*, respectively, exhibits the pronunciation feature called …

Later Yod Dropping

The pronunciation feature in Canadian English responsible for the different vowels in words like *white, sight, out* and words like *wide, side, loud*, respectively, is called …

Canadian Raising

Hyperrhoticity characterises the accent of US English which we call …

Eastern US English

The PIN-PEN Merger characterises the accent of US English which we call …

The linguistic South

Southern US English is characterised by relatively longer vowels in stressed syllables and relatively more weakening of unstressed syllables, which is traditionally called …

The Southern Drawl

The three main divisions of both Australian English and New Zealand English are called …

Broad, general, cultivated

The end of the shared development of BrE and AmE in the early or mid 18th century (the classical symbolical date is 1750) is traditionally referred to as the …

The Great Divide

In terms of rhoticity, North American English belongs to the type we call …

Rhotic

In terms of rhoticity, Southern Hemisphere English belongs to the type we call …

Non-rhotic

In terms of rhoticity, Eastern US English belongs to the type we call …

Non-rhotic

In terms of rhoticity, Black English (AAVE) belongs to the type we call …

Non-rhotic

In terms of rhoticity, Canadian English belongs to the type we call …

Rhotic

In terms of rhoticity, Australian English belongs to the type we call …

Non-rhotic

In terms of rhoticity, New Zealand English belongs to the type we call …

Non-rhotic

In terms of rhoticity, South African English belongs to the type we call …

Non-rhotic

In terms of rhoticity, Welsh English belongs to the type we call …

Non-rhotic

In terms of rhoticity, Scottish English belongs to the type we call …

Rhotic

In terms of rhoticity, Irish English belongs to the type we call …

Rhotic

The part of England which is traditionally rhotic is the

West-Country

When a pidgin becomes the first language for certain communities, we call it a(n) …

Creole

Pidgins and creoles are traditionally named after the prestigious European language (in our case, English), which is in general terms called …

Superstrate

The other name of Melanesian Pidgin English is …

Tok Pisin

The best-known English-based creole, spoken in the Caribbean, is …

Jamaican Creole

The acronym WAPE stands for …

West African Pidgin English

The three general speech areas where English-based pidgins and creoles are spoken are …

The Caribbean, West Africa, The Pacific

The acronym AAVE stands for …

African American Vernacular English

In terms of rhoticity, RP belongs to the type we call …

Non-rhotic

In terms of rhoticity, GA belongs to the type we call …

Rhotic

The Carrot-rule does not apply in GA (as opposed to RP) in a few words such as …

Curry, hurry

RP and GA have different pronunciations for the underlined part of *ci*__*t*__*y* because GA has the rule of ...

Tapping/flapping

RP and GA have different pronunciations for the underlined part of *You*__*T*__*ube* because GA has the rule of ...

Yod-dropping

Stress placement is different in RP and GA in certain words such as …

Address, garage

In RP, the word *ate* has /e/ as its vowel, while in GA it has …

/eɪ/

In RP, the word *clerk* has /ɑː/ as its vowel, while in GA it has …

/3/

In RP, the word *leisure* has /e/ as its vowel, while in GA it has …

/ɪ/

The RP and GA pronunciations of the word *herb* differ in both R-dropping and …

H-dropping

In RP, the first syllable of *lieutenant* is pronounced /lef/, while in GA it is …

/lu/

In RP, the stressed syllable of *either* has /aɪ/ as its vowel, while in GA it has …

*/i/*

In RP, the first syllable of *schedule* is pronounced /ʃe/, while in GA it is …

/ske/

In RP, the word *shone* has /ɒ/ as its vowel, while in GA it has …

/oʊ/

In RP, the stressed syllable of *tomato* has /ɑː/ as its vowel, while in GA it has …

/eɪ/

In RP, the word *vase* has /ɑː/ as its vowel, while in GA it has …

/eɪ/

The name of the letter Z is /zed/ in RP, while in GA it is …

/zi/

The endings -*ary/ory* are pronounced /eəri/ and /ɔːri/, resp., in GA, while in RP they are pronounced …

/ərɪ/

The word spelt *axe* in BrE is in AmE spelt …

ax

The word spelt *cheque* in BrE is in AmE spelt …

Check

The word spelt *draught* in BrE is in AmE spelt …

Draft

The word spelt *gaol* in BrE is in AmE spelt …

Jail

The word spelt *grey* in BrE is in AmE spelt …

Gray

The word spelt *jewellery* in BrE is in AmE spelt …

Jewelry

The word spelt *kerb* in BrE is in AmE spelt …

Curb

Words spelt *-our* (e.g., *colour*) in BrE are in AmE spelt …

\-or, color

Words spelt *-re* (e.g, *centre*) in BrE are in AmE spelt …

\-er, center